A brief Note on Diabetes

Diabetes is a metabolic disease or a condition in which the levels of glucose in the blood will remain high for an extended period of time. Diabetes can also refer to the condition itself. In other words, it is a condition that occurs when the body is unable to make efficient use of glucose, which serves as a source of energy for body cells. Diabetes can be defined as a condition that occurs when the body cannot make use of glucose. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the amount of sugar that is present in the blood. 

Causes of diabetes: 

Diabetes can be created when either the pancreas does not make enough insulin or when the cells of the body do not respond appropriately to the insulin that is produced. Both of these scenarios can lead to the development of diabetes. 

Symptoms of diabetes: 

The appearance of signs and symptoms varies from person to person, and in some cases, there may be no outward manifestations at all. To begin, let’s think about some of the most typical diabetic symptoms. 

• Frequent Urination.
• Feeling more stressed or tired than usual.
• Being thirstier.
• Blurred vision.
• Loss of Weight. 

Types of diabetes: 

On the basis of the factors that contribute to their development, the following forms of diabetes can be distinguished: 

1. Diabetes Mellitus

• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes

1. Diabetes Insipidus
2. Gestational Diabetes 

Diabetes Mellitus: 

It is the inability of the body to use or respond effectively to the insulin that is produced by the body, and as a result, blood sugar levels cannot be effectively regulated. Diabetes mellitus is the most common form of diabetes. The condition known as diabetes mellitus can be further broken down into two categories, which are: 

Type 1 Diabetes: 

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 is another name for this condition. It is characterised by the pancreas’ inability to secrete an adequate amount of insulin. As a direct consequence of this, there is an increase in the amount of glucose found in both the blood and the urine. 

Symptoms: 

It is not difficult to make a diagnosis. It is also linked to the typical diabetic symptoms that people experience. The following list describes some more symptoms. 

• Unexplained weight loss.
• Blurred vision.
• Always feeling hungry
• Itching, skin infections
• Having cuts that heal slowly
• Blurred vision 

Type 2 Diabetes: 

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 is another name for this condition. People who are predisposed to develop type 2 diabetes due to their genetics are more likely to get the condition if they are overweight and do not get enough exercise. 

Symptoms: 

The majority of the risk comes from a person’s way of life. The contribution of genetics cannot be understated either. In most cases, the signs are completely overlooked. One of the signs that you may have developed type 2 diabetes is a slow but steady loss of weight. It’s possible that being overweight, not getting enough exercise, living in cities, and dietary shifts are to blame. 

Diabetes Insipidus: 

Diabetes insipidus develops when the hypothalamus, which is responsible for producing the hormone known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is unable to respond or create the hormone. The kidneys are better able to control the amount of water that is present in the body as a result of this hormone. If the kidneys do not receive this necessary hormone, they will produce an excessively high volume of urine that is extremely tasteless (meaning: odourless and dilute). 

Gestational Diabetes: 

This syndrome manifests itself in expectant mothers who, for no apparent reason, have an increase in their blood sugar levels. In most cases, the condition improves once the baby is born. 

Symptoms: 

There is an incidence of gestational diabetes during pregnancy that is approximately 9.2 percent. The hormones that are produced during pregnancy interfere with the normal functioning pattern of insulin, which causes more insulin to be produced. However, for some women, this production of insulin is insufficient, which results in gestational diabetes. 

Symptoms of diabetes in women: 

There are some symptoms that are experienced only by women, while other symptoms are experienced by both men and women. However, there are some symptoms that are experienced only by women. They are detailed in the following. 

• They are prone to urinary infections.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
• Female Sexual Dysfunction.
• Vaginal and Oral Yeast Infections and Vaginal Thrush.

Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes during Pregnancy: 

Ketones and blood glucose are able to cross the placenta and reach the baby when the mother is pregnant. They have the same need for energy derived from glucose that a mother does. If the level of glucose in the mother’s blood is too high, there is an increased risk of various birth abnormalities in the baby. 

Diabetic foods and diet plan for diabetes: 

Not only does following a healthy diet aid in the process of losing weight, but it also assists in maintaining healthy glucose levels in the blood. Patients living with diabetes should eat in a way that is both nutritious and well-balanced. The items on the following list could be of assistance.

• There will be less french fries and things made with masala.
• Avoiding sugars as much as possible is the best course of action.
• Avoid drinking carbonated beverages such as Coke, Pepsi, and other similar liquids.
• Instead of fruit juices and other similar products, one should always consume fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Blood sugar levels are significantly influenced by the consumption of carbohydrates. Therefore, it is best to stay away from foods that contain a lot of carbohydrates. It is possible to consume carbohydrates like sweet potatoes, brown rice, peas, and other vegetables that are rich in leafy greens if they also contain fibre.
• Certain fats can be harmful to one’s health. Therefore, choosing the right kinds of fats is quite crucial. Patients suffering from diabetes should consume natural fats because fake fats might have a negative impact on their health. Natural fats can be found in abundance in foods such as fish, olive oil, almonds, avocados, tuna, and flaxseeds. 

Conclusion: 

Diabetes is a disease that causes death over time and there is now no cure for it. However, the severity of its effects might be mitigated by increasing public awareness and instituting therapy as soon as possible. Blindness, kidney disease, and heart attacks are three primary consequences that are associated with blindness.