Stability Of Free Radicals

Free radicals are substances containing a loose electron. Free radicals are highly reactive due to the unpaired electron. Free radicals are responsible for molecular damage in cells and tissues. The stability of free radicals is dependent on their structure.

Free radicals are species that have an odd number of electrons in the outer or valence shell. They are very reactive and unstable because they tend to either donate or accept an electron. In nature, there are many free radicals. Under UV or sunlight, molecular oxygen can be changed into a free radical containing one unpaired electron, so it is called singlet molecular oxygen. 

Free Radicals

Free radicals are an integral part of life and are by many considered to be both beneficial and harmful. A free radical is a molecule that has one or more unpaired electrons in an outer shell. This makes them highly chemically reactive. They will either donate those electrons to other molecules or find additional electrons to go back to their stable configuration.

Free radicals are very unstable and react with DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids in the body to produce molecules that can cause damage to cells. These damaged cells will eventually lead to death if untreated. The body uses natural processes to keep free radicals in check. Antioxidant vitamins and enzymes found in food can offer some protection against free radical damage.

 Free radicals are natural byproducts of oxygen metabolism and they can be formed at any time. Most researchers believe that these highly reactive molecules cause damage to healthy cells in the body and are a major contributor to the aging process.

Free radicals are molecules responsible for aging, cancer and other diseases. Over the past half-century, scientists have been trying to devise ways to prevent cell damage caused by free radicals.

What are Free Radicals?

Free radicals tend to be short-lived and highly reactive, causing damage to cells and molecules. This cancer is a consequence of the balance between free radical production, hence cellular damage, and antioxidant defenses. This radical is unpaired; it has an unpaired electron like a free radical and thus has many properties of free radicals.

The stability of free radicals increases in the order methyl < primary < secondary < tertiary. This stabilization resembles that of carbocations and probably arises from hyper conjugative interaction of the type.

For free radicals stabilized by resonance, the electron is delocalized so that the positive charge is dispersed. Electron-electron repulsion stabilizes an odd number of electrons per localization site.

Changing hydrogen to a substituent such as an alkyl group causes an electron in the C-H bond to move away from the central carbon and toward the substituent. This change in bond polarity can lead to hyperconjugation between p orbitals on the central carbon of a free radical and sigma bonds of substituents

Free radicals are reactive elements that exist in only a single state and seek to pair with other substances to achieve a stable, dual-atom configuration. These highly reactive structures are present in the membranes of cells of damaging biologically relevant molecules such as DNA, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates etc.

Free Radicals is a solid powder in a pen that absorbs oil and neutralizes shine on contact. The ultra-sheer powder formula is great for on-the-go makeup touch-ups and can be used with or without foundation. Available in three universal shades to fit every skin tone and type.

Examples of Free Radicals

Ethane is composed of two methyl groups. It is a very stable compound in which each methyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom. The structure of ethane resembles that of methane (except both the carbon atoms in ethane each have three attached hydrogens, instead of one for methane).

The methyl radical is an alkali metal in group one, and is composed of one carbon atom with three points arranged around a circle that is bound by alternating single and double bonds; the triangle-like form has one bond on top that extends down to the center.

Conclusion

Free radicals are unstable molecules that are produced in the body as it processes oxygen. In excess levels, free radicals can cause chain reactions that damage and age cells and thus parts of the body. Antioxidants counteract this by preventing damage from occurring before it is able to be done. As described here, there are over 300 natural antioxidants, effective and non-toxic to humans. To prevent chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress, factors associated with primary and secondary prevention are taken into account. The present review highlights the importance of diet and lifestyle to maintain a good level of the endogenous antioxidant defence system, and its impact on the primary prevention of chronic diseases.