P-p Overlapping

Ans :

• Failure to account for the tetravalency of carbon.
• There is no information on the electron energies available.
• According to the theory, electrons are concentrated in specific areas.
• It does not provide a quantitative understanding of the thermodynamic or kinetic stabilities of coordination molecules.
• There is no distinction between strong and weak ligands.
• The colour of coordination compounds has no known explanation.

Ans :

• Hybridization happens when the energies of atomic orbitals are equivalent.
• The number of atomic orbitals that mix equals the number of hybrid orbitals generated.
• Hybridization does not necessitate the participation of all half-filled orbitals. Even orbitals that are totally filled but have a little different energy can take part.
• Only during bond formation does hybridization occur, not in a single gaseous atom.
• The shape of a molecule can be predicted if the hybridization of the molecule is known.
• The hybrid orbital is larger lobe is always positive, whereas the smaller lobe on the opposite side is always negative.

Ans : The axial overlapping of the atomic orbitals forms the sigma bond (bond), whereas the sidewise overlapping of the atomic orbitals forms the -bond. Because axial overlapping is bigger than sidewise overlapping. As a result, the sigma bond is said to be stronger than the -bond.

Ans : The overlap of orbitals forms the molecule. has an electronegativity of on the Pauling scale, while has an electronegativity of. As a result of the fact that fluorine is more electronegative than , the electronic cloud in this bond is shifted more towards fluorine. To put it another way, the electron pair shared by the two atoms is more attracted to fluorine. This causes the fluorine atom to have a partial negative charge (-) and the hydrogen atom to have a partial positive charge (+).

Ans : An ionic bond is polar when one atom receives an electron while the other loses one. In other words, one of the atoms in the bond is positively charged, while the other is negatively charged.

In water, these atoms usually break down into their ions. The electronegativity values of the atoms involved in ionic bonding differ. Ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals, as shown by a table of electronegativity values.