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India is a large country filled with diversity. One can experience a lot of cultures within India. Measures have been taken by the Indian government to preserve the cultural heritage of India. Many organisations have been set up for the same purpose. Not only the languages but the music, dance style and dressing style also differ from culture to culture. The Sangeet Natak Akademi is one such organisation set up for various performing arts across the country. It is referred to as the National academy of music, dance and drama in English. The government of India sets it up.
The Music and Dance forms in India
The existence of various cultures in India has made India culturally and ethnically rich. The culture of India is the heritage of India. You can observe a great variety in beliefs, dressing styles, the form of art preferred, the type of music and the form of dance from the North of India to the south of India and from the east of India to the west of India. People belonging to different cultures prefer different types of music. Let us study the music forms in India.
Types of Music and Dance forms in India
Following are the various types of music and dance forms enjoyed in India.
As for classical music in India, the two types of classical music are Carnatic music and Hindustani music. Carnatic music is practised in the southern area, while Hindustani music is popular in the north, east and Central regions.
- Bhangra and Giddha: Bhangra is the dance-oriented folk music of Punjab. The music practised by female dancers is known as Giddha.
- Dandiya: Raas, which is otherwise known as Dandiya, Is the cultural dance of Gujarat. It is performed by using sticks. Garba is another dance and music form performed in the state of Gujarat.
- Haryanvi: The Haryanvi folk music is of two types, classical folk music of Haryana and the Desi folk music of Haryana. The music in Haryana takes the form of ballads of valour, bravery, happiness and pangs of parting lovers.
- Lavani: It is one of the most popular dancing music performed all over Maharashtra. Mostly, the female artist performs this type of music and dance; however, male artists also occasionally sing this.
- Bharatnatyam: Bharatnatyam is a folk Indian dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu. It is predominantly practised in the country’s southern regions.
- Kathakali: Kathakali is a folk dance of the Kerala state. A lot of emphasis is put on expressions in Kathakali.
Sangeet Natak Akademi
The Sangeet Natak Akademi Is the leading organisation in the field of performing existing in India. The Sangeet Natak Akademi was established in 1953 To protect and promote the heritage of India in the form of diverse cultures and dance, drama and music. The Sangeet Natak Akademi Is managed by the great council. The Sangeet Natak Akademi Secretary currently is Ms Temsunaro Jamir. The President of India will appoint the chairman of this Akademi. The term of office for this chairman will be of 5 years. The duties, responsibilities and functions of Sangeet Natak Akademi have been described in the Academy’s Memorandum of Association. This memorandum was adopted on 11 September 1961. The office of the Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi, is located at Ravindra Bhavan on 35 Feroze Shah Road.Â
The units and centres of Sangeet Natak Akademi
The Sangeet Natak Akademi is constituted of three main units. The two of these units are dance teaching Institutes, as given below.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy, called JNMDA located in Imphal.
- Kathak Kendra is located in Delhi.
The origin of the Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy is in the Manipur Dance College. The Manipur dance college was established in April 1954 by the government of India. This college has been funded by the Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy since it started. Hence, now it has become one of the three constitutional components.Â
The Kathak Kendra, situated in Delhi, is one of the leading institutions in India teaching Kathak dance. The Sangeet Natak Akademi also awards fellowships to artists and scholars in the fields of dance, drama and music. The annual awards were initiated by the Sangeet Natak Akademi in the year 2006 for young artists. The Archies photographs and video tips of the Akademi can help understand India’s performing arts.
Conclusion:
India is a country with a rich heritage and diverse cultures. Various dance, drama and music forms exist in India. The popular dance and music forms are Bhangra, Lavani, Kathak, Dandiya, etc. Indian classical music is of two types.
Since there are so many cultures in India, some of them may get lost in the flow of time or globalisation. The Sangeet Natak Akademi was established in the year 1953 to preserve and promote this rich cultural heritage of India. Sangeet Natak Akademi exists in various states to fulfil this purpose.
