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- Political factors: Political factors such as political violence against certain sections of the population in countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Tamil minorities in Sri Lanka etc., is the reason behind illegal migration. Discriminatory laws, poor resource allocation etc., are the reasons.Â
- Economic factors: Poverty, submissive living standards, and fewer employment opportunities are push factors and on the other hand, pull factors include better opportunities and a good standard of living, which act as pull factors.Â
- Inequality: Inequality in resource allocation and rising inequality at every level of social, economic, political, religious, and cultural aspects of human life. This inequality is another major factor behind migration. For example, the Rohingya migration.Â
- Porous borders: porous borders on India-Bangladesh, Pakistan’s open border with Nepal and Bhutan are one of the main reasons behind rising illegal migration in India. Every year lakhs of the population enter India due to porous borders.
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