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What Has Worked (Implemented Provisions):
Area |
Key Initiatives |
Status |
|
School Curriculum |
Replaced 10+2 with 5+3+3+4 structure |
New NCERT textbooks for Classes 1–8 introduced; 9–12 coming soon |
|
Social Science |
Integrated textbook for Classes 6–8 |
Combines history, geography, polity, economics |
|
Early Childhood Care & Education (ECCE) |
National curriculum issued; Jaadui Pitara kits in use |
Enforced 6 years as minimum age for Class 1 in several states |
|
Foundational Literacy & Numeracy |
NIPUN Bharat launched |
64% average score in language, 60% in math (Class 3) |
|
Credit-Based Flexibility |
Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) and National Credit Framework (NCrF) created |
Credit transfer enabled across institutions; pilot in CBSE schools |
|
CUET for College Admission |
Common University Entrance Test introduced |
Now key admission route for many central universities |
|
Global Outreach |
Indian institutions abroad & foreign universities in India |
IITs in Zanzibar, Dubai, Abu Dhabi; foreign campuses at GIFT City |
What’s In Progress
Area |
Details |
Status |
|
Board Exam Reforms |
Twice-a-year CBSE Class 10 boards from 2026 |
Pilot in Karnataka; broader rollout pending |
|
Two-Level Subjects |
Only Class 10 Mathematics offered in two levels |
Expansion to other subjects awaited |
|
Holistic Report Cards |
PARAKH progress cards with self/peer assessments |
Adoption by boards pending |
|
Four-Year UG Degrees |
With exit options & interdisciplinary learning |
Implemented in central universities, Kerala; lag elsewhere |
|
Mother Tongue in Schools |
Encouraged till Class 5 |
CBSE rollout till Class 2; regional languages in development |
What’s Stuck and Why
|
Area |
Reason for Delay |
|
Three-Language Formula |
Opposition from Tamil Nadu (Hindi imposition fears) |
|
Teacher Education Reform |
Framework due in 2021 not released; resistance to scrapping B.El.Ed |
|
HECI (UGC Replacement) |
Bill not yet drafted by Education Ministry |
|
School Breakfast Program |
Rejected by Finance Ministry in 2021 |
|
Centre-State Policy Divide |
States like Tamil Nadu, Kerala, WB refused to adopt NEP-linked PM-SHRI schools |
Why in News?
-
Five years since NEP 2020 was approved, only partial implementation has taken place. While some classroom reforms are underway, major proposals remain delayed due to Centre-state friction and institutional bottlenecks.
