Uniform Motion: A body is said to be in uniform motion when it moves with a constant or uniform speed at a certain distance in an equal time interval. For example; aeroplanes fly at a constant speed in the air. The velocity of uniform motion remains constant i.e. unchanged.
Non-Uniform Motion: A body is said to be in non-uniform motion when it moves with a variable speed in equal time intervals at different distances. For example; a bike travels in traffic. The velocity of non-uniform motion changes with time.
Uniform and Non-uniform Motion: Differnece
Uniform motion | Non-Uniform Motion |
1. A motion in which a body covers a similar (equal) distance in a similar (equal) time interval is referred to as uniform motion | 1. A motion in which a body covers dissimilar (unequal) distance in an equal (similar) time interval is referred to as non-uniform motion. |
2. The speed is constant | 2. The speed is not constant i.e. variable |
3. The velocity of the object does not change. | 3. The velocity of an object changes i.e. variable. |
4. The acceleration is constant. | 4. The acceleration is variable. |
5. It occurs when the velocity, speed, acceleration and direction (all of them) of the object do not change or are constant | 5. It occurs either when a change in speed or direction or both take place |
6. The speed of the object is equal to the average speed | 6. The speed of the object is not equal i.e. different to the average speed |
7. In uniform motion, the straight line is shown on the distance-time graph | 7. In non-uniform motion, the curved line graph is shown on the distance-time graph |
8. For example; a baby crawls on the floor at a constant speed | 8. For example; a vehicle moves in traffic at a variable speed |
9. The body in uniform motion moves in a straight line | 9. The body in non-uniform motion moves in a curve or wavy line |
10. The pictorial representation of uniform motion is shown below;
| 10. The pictorial representation of uniform motion is shown below;
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Uniform Circular Motion and Non-Uniform Circular Motion
Uniform Circular Motion: When an object at constant speed moves in a circular motion then it is referred to as uniform circular motion. In this motion, the velocity and direction are not constant with a constant speed. For example; the blade of a mixer grinder moves in a uniform circular motion. The formula for the speed of uniform circular motion is;
Speed = (2πr)/t
where t represents the time in completing one circle in seconds and 2πr represents the circle’s circumference.
Non-Uniform Circular Motion: When an object at a variable speed moves in a circular motion then it is referred to as non-uniform circular motion. In this motion, the angular velocity as well as the speed of the object changes. For example; a giant wheel moves in a non-uniform circular motion.
Uniform and Non-Uniform Speed and Velocity
Uniform speed: When an object covers an equal (similar) distance in an equal (similar) time interval then it is referred to as uniform speed.
Uniform velocity: When an object covers equal (similar) displacement in equal (similar) intervals of time then it is called uniform velocity.
Non-uniform speed: When an object covers unequal or different distances in equal (similar) time intervals then it is referred to as non-uniform speed.
Non-uniform velocity (Variable velocity): When an object covers unequal or dissimilar displacement in equal (similar) intervals of time then it is referred to as non-uniform velocity.
Conclusion
Uniform motion is the rectilinear motion of a body when it covers a similar distance in similar time intervals while non-uniform motion is the rectilinear motion of a body when it covers unequal or variable distance in similar time intervals. The acceleration of uniform motion is zero while that of non-uniform motion is not zero. Uniform circular motion is a type of uniform motion in a circular direction and the non-uniform circular motion is a type of non-uniform motion in a circular direction in equal time intervals.
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