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Introduction
“Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR)” in biologic established technology consists in operating on function and structure, and it is both of “microbial environments” existing on oil reservoirs. The eventual aim of Microbial enhanced oil recovery is to better the improvement of oil ensnare in “porous media” while enlarge economic gain. The “Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR)” in tertiary oil removal technology is allowed with the incomplete recovery on the regularly residual in two-thirds of oil that is enlarged on life of mature oil reservoirs.
“Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR)”
In the MEOR the depreciation of oil resources is done by increasing the energy demands of the current world for running their factories and vehicles. The depletion layers enforce the inflation rate of oil fields and an increasing number of major oil fields need to focus more on their oil recovery technologies. Conventional technologies are unable to recover 20-40% of oil present in oil reservoirs that is conventionally drawn out through vertical drilling which is not environmentally friendly. It can be further extracted to 15-25% of oil from the reservoir. It means around 55% of the oil reservoir remains unrecovered. That is why, the use of “enhanced oil recovery” is a modified recovery method that involves thermal process, chimal process, and with the use of microbial resources they are able to recover additional 7-15% of the original oil in place of conventional use of depleted oil wells. The result is that microbial enhanced oil recovery up to 50% more residual oil in oil reservoirs.
This process does not take so much energy to initiate the process. Due to less energy consumption it is a cost efficient process and does not affect the oil prices. It is more economically and environmentally friendly globally in comparison to other oil recovery processes. There are three types of enhanced oil recovery are:
“Thermal recovery”- It is the most prevalent on a type in EOR and its work on heating in the oil reduces in the viscosity or its allowing on the easier surface. It is the most commonly achieved on producing in a stem of reservoirs, in which the work of heat in oil.
“Gas Injection”- It is also “natural gas”, “nitrogen and carbon dioxide” is injected on a the reservoir with a combine on oil, and it’s making with some sticky, in whilst concurrently propel the oil of surface
“Chemical injection”- They are the least usual system in MEOR, the chemical injection with a work in freeing oil in the well.
Importance
The “Microbial enhanced oil recoveries (MEOR)” are important because it is a “tertiary oil recovery method” that is low- cost and it is environment- friendly technology to operate this remaining oil trapped in the reservoirs. They are prospective of microorganisms in degrade large crude oil with a decrease viscosity in appraise to be most effective in “Microbial enhanced oil recoveries (MEOR)”. It helps with maximizing the oil reserves recovered, enlarges life in fields, or it increases the recovery component. It is an important tool for concern in helping with conserving production and the enhancement of the replacement of older expenditures.
Challenges faced and solutions
It is known that to set up new technology is a long and expensive process. It’s already known that the implanted technical equipment is not sufficient to fully exfoliate to oil recovery. Around only 50 % of the oil resources can be added up in the annual capacity report. That is, it is a big challenge to start up an oil recovery method from microbial enhanced oil recovery methods. It is known that the use of biotechnology in oil recovery cannot solve our oil renewable energy resources problems but can be more efficient in environmental as well as economic friendly ways by exploiting more energy resources in an ethical way from the reserved resources. The solution is mixed and it is pumped down the inoculation as well as followed with the injection in water or operates in the biological solution or the oil dripping zones. It is the treated in well the shut on a required with a period on time in after oil productions are resumed.
Conclusion
Result shows that MEOR is more eco friendly, cost effective and helps in recovering fuels that do not get extracted from petroleum extracting wells naturally. Many oil recovery factories start to implant these technologies to exploit more energy resources from the reservoir. Conventional oil recovery method is only to recover up to 50% oil from the reservoir but this process enhances the oil recovery process and can additionally extra 20% more oil. It uses less energy in the recovery process that is why it is more cost friendly or prevents the hike in the oil prices. Besides, the potential applications of it in generating biofuels make MEOR one of the most important concepts to focus on.
