The Four Fundamental Forces

There are no clouds of doubt that four different forces are such as strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force, and gravitational force. The strong and weak forces are basically nuclear forces. This chapter is going to highlight different characteristics of forces and as per range of forces; it defines the strengths of the forces. Moreover, this study is going to have analysis over the topic with some FAQs to provide a clearer vision. 

Four fundamental forces 

The concept of the four fundamental forces creates a new opportunity for space technology as it discusses all four key forces important for space technology. All four forces are different according to their strength and range to act on. The electromagnetic and gravitational force is identified before the knowledge of nuclear forces. Therefore, the strong and weak forces both are comparatively new considering the other two forces. Of all the four forces, gravitational forces have the least strength. However, the range of the gravitational force is the most among the four forces. The Strong nuclear force has the most strength among all four. Electromagnetic strength has the second-highest and the weak nuclear force comes up in the third place in the strength list. This concept is very useful for the development of space and the standard model of particle physics.  

Discussion on four forces 

The concept of four fundamental forces is the combination of four different forces in nature such as strong force, gravitational force, electromagnetic force, and weak force. All the four forces are critically discussed in the following.

• A strong force is basically a nuclear force, which acts between different protons and neutrons. The main importance of the strong force is that it helps to hold the proton and neutron together in an atomic nucleus. It has the highest strength among all four forces. 

• Weak force is also a nuclear force. However, it has much less strength compared to strong force. This force is basically radioactive in nature and acts between different unstable subatomic particles. It also has an influence on nuclear fusion reactions. 

• In the 19th century, the electromagnetic force was introduced by James Clerk Maxwell. This force is basically the combination of both the electric and magnetic forces. Therefore, it has mixed characteristics of both forces. 

• In the 17th century, Isaac Newton introduced the oldest force in nature. The gravitational forces act between all the particles present in nature. This force is applicable for those particles which have some amount of mass with it. 

Reason for calling them fundamental    

The above-mentioned forces have different ranges and strengths. Their actions are also separated from each other. Therefore, it is very easy to differentiate them from one another. Additionally, the operations of all four forces are different. Strong and weak forces act at the atomic level, the electromagnetic force is act between the electrically charged particles, and the gravitational force is act between all the particles that have some amount of mass. Hence, all the forces are easily differentiated according to the activity and nature of action. Most importantly, there is not any other simpler way to define all forces. Moreover, these four forces are used to define some other forces. Due to these individual characteristics, these four forces are considered as the fundamental force. 

Impact of fundamental force in particle physics      

Different fundamental forces have a heavy influence on the discussion and development of particle physics. The strong and weak nuclear force is useful to carry and create a strong binding between different atomic and subatomic particles. It is also important in the maintenance process of basic atomic structure. The nuclear force has no repulsive nature. Therefore, it is essential to hold the particles with the same charge. The electromagnetic force is required to hold the particle with a bigger size. However, there is an action of repulsive force present to dispatch the same kind of particles. The importance of gravitational force is much more than others in particle physics as it helps to hold all the particles which have mass.

Conclusion 

From the above discussion, it can be concluded that all the four fundamental forces have different strengths and also different ranges of action. From all the forces gravitational force has the least strength and acts in the longest range. This force is useful to hold all types of particles. Therefore it is considered the most important force in the discussion and development of particle physics. Additionally, some FAQs are discussed to clarify the concept more critically to provide in-depth knowledge about the four fundamental forces of nature.