Water Resources and Their Utilization in India

The study introduces the concept of water resources and the core utilization techniques of those resources in India while evaluating the beneficial practices of sub continental features such as position, extent, and physical characteristics. Moreover, therefore, the Himalayas are bounded by the Indus River in the west and the river Brahmaputra is located in the east.                  

Utilization of water resources while considering sub continental features: Position

The physical features of India that is existed from the Himalayan Mountains ranges and it runs from west to east direction from the Indus River to Brahmaputra River. Along with this, the utilization of water resources in India is used for agriculture, industries, environmental activities and recreation. Moreover, the northern mountains are included in the mountains and the plateaus of northern Kashmir. Along with this, the northern mountains are divided into three groups such as the Himalayas, and the hills in the northeast. Moreover, there is the majority for the use of freshwater and it consists of 97 % of the water that is found on the earth is salt water. Along with this, the mentioned context is related to the uses of water resources in the groundwater that is considered as the important water resource for drinking and the security of foods. On the other hand, India supplies about 80 % of the water for domestic uses in the rural areas and urban areas consist of 50% of the water. 

Surface water 

The Indian average surface of the water is generated by the rainfalls and snowmelts and that is estimated at 1869 billion cubic meters of water. Moreover, 37% of the water resources are mobilized because 90 % of the water flows from the Himalayas occurs over 4 month’s period. Moreover, the utilization of water is expected to be 784 to 843 billion cubic meters by the year 2025. Therefore, the availability of the surface water and groundwater is 1869 cubic meters and 60% of the water is available for beneficial use. On the other hand, the major sources of surface water are associated with the multiple water bodies such as river in India. Moreover, approximately 10,360 rivers exist within the country and the area of those water surfaces are prolonged to 1.6 km.     

Utilization of Water resources while considering subcontinent features: Extent

Water resources come in many forms that are included in the main categories such as groundwater, saltwater, and surface water. Moreover, the areas of water resources across India from the year 2018 and the leading state in Orissa. Along with this, Orissa is considered the largest combined area of water storages in India. Furthermore, the concerned storages in Orissa are around 998 thousand hectares of water resources in the year 2018. On the other hand, the coastal states are mostly dependent on the southwest monsoon for the entire water storages. Moreover, the southwest monsoon water resources have consisted of the surface of the water and the reserved groundwater. However, India has only 4% of the renewable water resources and there are 18% of the population is available in-country. Along with this, the groundwater resources in India are about 432 Cubic kilometers. Moreover, 46% of the groundwater resources flow from the basin of the Gangas and Brahmaputra rivers. On the other hand, the mentioned context is related to the utilization of water resources from places such as Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Orissa and Tamil Nadu.

Utilization of water resources while considering the subcontinent: Physical characteristics

Water is considered an important renewable resource that plays an effective role in sustaining biodiversity. Moreover, the mentioned contest is related to the physical features and the uses of water resources in the country that are included from the groundwater. Moreover, along with this, 71% of the water that is covered by the ocean contains 97.4% of the water that is presented on earth. Along with this, about 85% of the water is available in the resources that are consumed in the agriculture of India. Moreover, only 8.5% of the water is used for solving both the domestic and commercial purposes. The availability of the water differs from one place to another at the time of rainfalls that are happened during the monsoon seasons. Moreover, the ocean and saltwater have consisted in 97.41% and freshwater comes from ice caps, groundwater, rivers and lakes. Moreover, groundwater consists of 0.592%, ice cap consists of 1.984% and lakes and river consists of 0.0008%. The demand for water in India is associated from the year 2010 to 2025 that are included in the irrigation 83.6% drinking water 6.68%, industry 2.8%, energy 1.37% and others are included in 6.59 %. 

Conclusion

The study concludes the water resources and their uses that are used from the groundwater. Moreover, water use has increased due to the growth of the population that has increased the per capita consumption of water. Moreover, renewable resource that plays an effective role in sustaining biodiversity. Along with this,   the mentioned contest is related to the physical features and the uses of water resources in the country that are included from the groundwater.