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Breathing, also known as respiration, is the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. It involves the movement of air into and out of the lungs. The exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, where oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide passes from the bloodstream into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process ensures the supply of oxygen for cellular respiration and the removal of waste carbon dioxide from the body.
Here are some MCQs related to Breathing and Exchange of Gases for the NEET exam:
1. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for exchanging gases with the bloodstream?
a. Trachea
b. Bronchi
c. Alveoli
d. Larynx
Answer: c. Alveoli
2. Which gas is responsible for the majority of oxygen transport in the bloodstream?
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Nitrogen
d. None of the above
Answer: a. Oxygen
3. What is the term for the process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body’s tissues?
a. Ventilation
b. Respiration
c. Gas exchange
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Respiration
4. Which muscle is primarily responsible for breathing in humans?
a. Diaphragm
b. Intercostal muscles
c. Abdominal muscles
d. None of the above
Answer: a. Diaphragm
5. Which gas is responsible for the majority of carbon dioxide transport in the bloodstream?
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Nitrogen
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Carbon dioxide
6. What is the term for the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation?
a. Inspiratory reserve volume
b. Expiratory reserve volume
c. Residual volume
d. Vital capacity
Answer: b. Expiratory reserve volume
7. Which part of the brainstem is responsible for regulating breathing?
a. Medulla oblongata
b. Pons
c. Cerebellum
d. None of the above
Answer: a. Medulla oblongata
8. What is the term for the amount of air that is left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation?
a. Inspiratory reserve volume
b. Expiratory reserve volume
c. Residual volume
d. Vital capacity
Answer: c. Residual volume
9. Which gas is more soluble in blood, oxygen or carbon dioxide?
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide
c. They are equally soluble
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Carbon dioxide
10. What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
a. Inspiratory reserve volume
b. Expiratory reserve volume
c. Residual volume
d. Vital capacity
Answer: d. Vital capacity
