Breathing and Exchange of Gases NEET Questions

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Breathing, also known as respiration, is the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. It involves the movement of air into and out of the lungs. The exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, where oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide passes from the bloodstream into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process ensures the supply of oxygen for cellular respiration and the removal of waste carbon dioxide from the body.

Here are some MCQs related to Breathing and Exchange of Gases for the NEET exam:

1. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for exchanging gases with the bloodstream?

a. Trachea

b. Bronchi

c. Alveoli

d. Larynx

Answer: c. Alveoli

Also see: Notes on Breathing and Exchange of Gases

2. Which gas is responsible for the majority of oxygen transport in the bloodstream?

a. Oxygen

b. Carbon dioxide

c. Nitrogen

d. None of the above

Answer: a. Oxygen

Also check: Breathing and Exchange of Gases | Human Respiratory System

3. What is the term for the process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body’s tissues?

a. Ventilation

b. Respiration

c. Gas exchange

d. None of the above

Answer: b. Respiration

Also read: Breathing and Exchange of Gases | Human Respiratory System

4. Which muscle is primarily responsible for breathing in humans?

a. Diaphragm

b. Intercostal muscles

c. Abdominal muscles

d. None of the above

Answer: a. Diaphragm

Check more: Transport of Oxygen & Pulmonary Volumes | Breathing & Exchange of Gases

5. Which gas is responsible for the majority of carbon dioxide transport in the bloodstream?

a. Oxygen

b. Carbon dioxide

c. Nitrogen

d. None of the above

Answer: b. Carbon dioxide

6. What is the term for the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation?

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Expiratory reserve volume

c. Residual volume

d. Vital capacity

Answer: b. Expiratory reserve volume

7. Which part of the brainstem is responsible for regulating breathing?

a. Medulla oblongata

b. Pons

c. Cerebellum

d. None of the above

Answer: a. Medulla oblongata

8. What is the term for the amount of air that is left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation?

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Expiratory reserve volume

c. Residual volume

d. Vital capacity

Answer: c. Residual volume

9. Which gas is more soluble in blood, oxygen or carbon dioxide?

a. Oxygen

b. Carbon dioxide

c. They are equally soluble

d. None of the above

Answer: b. Carbon dioxide

10. What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Expiratory reserve volume

c. Residual volume

d. Vital capacity

Answer: d. Vital capacity

11. The primary respiratory organ in humans is:

1. A) Lungs
2. B) Liver
3. C) Kidneys
4. D) Heart

Answer: A) Lungs

12. The process of exchange of gases between blood and body tissues is called:

1. A) External respiration
2. B) Internal respiration
3. C) Pulmonary ventilation
4. D) Alveolar respiration

Answer: B) Internal respiration

13. The gas responsible for oxygen transport in the blood is:

1. A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. B) Nitrogen (N2)
3. C) Oxygen (O2)
4. D) Hydrogen (H2)

Answer: C) Oxygen (O2)

14. Which part of the brain regulates the rate and depth of breathing?

1. A) Medulla oblongata
2. B) Cerebellum
3. C) Hypothalamus
4. D) Cerebrum

Answer: A) Medulla oblongata

15. During inhalation, the diaphragm:

1. A) Contracts and moves upwards
2. B) Contracts and moves downwards
3. C) Relaxes and moves upwards
4. D) Relaxes and moves downwards

Answer: B) Contracts and moves downwards

16. The exchange of gases in the alveoli and blood capillaries is called:

1. A) Inhalation
2. B) Exhalation
3. C) Diffusion
4. D) Osmosis

Answer: C) Diffusion

17. The waste gas produced during cellular respiration in humans is:

1. A) Oxygen (O2)
2. B) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
3. C) Nitrogen (N2)
4. D) Hydrogen (H2)

Answer: B) Carbon dioxide (CO2)

18. In which form is most of the oxygen transported in the blood?

1. A) Dissolved in plasma
2. B) Bound to hemoglobin
3. C) As bicarbonate ions
4. D) As carbonic acid

Answer: B) Bound to hemoglobin

19. The process of breathing in aquatic animals is called:

1. A) Pulmonary respiration
2. B) Cutaneous respiration
3. C) Gills respiration
4. D) Tracheal respiration

Answer: C) Gills respiration

20. Which gas is released as a byproduct of anaerobic respiration in muscles during strenuous exercise?

1. A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. B) Oxygen (O2)
3. C) Nitrogen (N2)
4. D) Lactic acid

Answer: D) Lactic acid

21. Which of the following is NOT a part of the human respiratory system?

A) Trachea
B) Alveoli
C) Liver
D) Bronchi

Answer: C) Liver

22. During inhalation, what happens to the diaphragm?

A) It relaxes
B) It contracts and moves downward
C) It contracts and moves upward
D) It remains stationary

Answer: B) It contracts and moves downward

23. Which gas is primarily responsible for the feeling of breathlessness at high altitudes?

A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Helium

Answer: A) Oxygen

24. What is the role of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

A) To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
B) To remove carbon dioxide from the body
C) To protect the lungs from infections
D) To regulate the rate of breathing

Answer: A) To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues

25. In which part of the respiratory system does the actual exchange of gases between air and blood take place?

A) Bronchi
B) Trachea
C) Alveoli
D) Pharynx

Answer: C) Alveoli