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Universal immunisation programme is also shortly known as UIP. The universal immunisation programme is one that was started by the government of India in the year 1985.
In 1992 the universal immunisation programme was a part of child survival and safe motherhood.
Vaccination In Universal Immunisation Programme:
The universal immunisation programme is a one started by the Indian government and it was one of the successfully running programs.Now this programme includes vaccination for twelve diseases.The diseases are
- Tuberculosis.
- Diphtheria.
- Pertussis.
- Tetanus.
- Polio
- Measles
- Hepatitis-B
- Pneumonia
- Rubella
- Japanese encephalitis.
- Pneumococcal disease.
- Meningitis .
The other vaccines that included in the universal immunisation programme are
- Inactivated polio vaccine.
- Rotavirus
- Mumps-Measles-rubella vaccine(MMR)
Evolution Of Universal Immunisation Programme:
In 1978 the universal immunisation programme was planned to be started. In 1985 the universal immunisation programme was successfully started.
It’s main objectives are:
- To reduce mortality.
- To reduce morbidity.
- Rapid and continuous vaccine production for disease.
In 1986 the mission of technology on immunisation was started. In 1992 the universal immunisation programme was added to the child safe and survival motherhood programme.
In 1997 it also joined with reproductive child health also known as RCH programme.
In 2005 the universal immunisation programme joined with the national rural health mission.
Challenge In Universal Immunisation Programme:
At the time of Independence in 1947 there was a large amount of chicken pox disease reported in India.The tuberculosis was also the cause of mortality and morbidity.
As the cause of tuberculosis keeps on increasing the government announced the disease as the epidemic disease.So the government of India has announced for the vaccination of bacillus calmette guerin(BCG).This vaccination is announced only for the small scale of people and also announced for strict supervision for affected and vaccinated people.This was the only way for protection against tuberculosis at that time.Despite India is one of the leading producer of vaccine now but had the deficit for vaccine few years ago.The causes for vaccine deficit are as follows.
- The inspection by the government was very less.
- Due to the poor education of people at that time, there were many people who weren’t aware of vaccines.
- There was a presence of anti vaccine advocates at that time.
Due to all these effects,the programme known as the universal immunisation programme was started all over the world in 1985 for the availability of vaccines from poor to rich people.
Objectives Of Universal Immunisation Programme:
- For the elimination of a disease known as neonatal tetanus.
- For the eradication or the elimination of poliomyelitis.
- To increase the immunization of the people rapidly.
- To improve the service quality.
- Maintaining the performance.
- To achieve the rapid and constant production of vaccines
Conclusion:
Thus the universal immunisation programme (UIP) is a program that is useful and helps in the immunisation process all over the world.so UIP is a program that needs to be continued for many and many years.
