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With 35,193,978 persons as of the 2011 census, India’s twelfth-most populated state is considered. The territory was divided from the northwestern part of Andhra Pradesh on June 2, 2014, and a new state in South India was formed with Hyderabad as its capital. Telangana is bordered on the north by Maharashtra, on the northeast by Chhattisgarh, west by Karnataka, and east and south by Andhra Pradesh. The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 merged Andhra Pradesh with Telangana to become Andhra Pradesh. Warangal, Nizamabad, Khammam, Karimnagar, and Ramagundam are some of the important cities in Telangana.
Formation
Telangana was a part of Hyderabad State before Independence. Following India’s independence, it was tasked with combining the Andhra regions into a single state. Andhra Pradesh was formed in 1953 from the Andhra districts of the Madras state. In the twelfth most populated state, there is an Urdu-speaking Muslim minority in addition to the Telugu-speaking Hindu majority in this state of South India. Despite the same language-speaking people, Telugu, the state in South India Telangana, has always been historically and culturally isolated from the coastal areas. In 1948, the Indian Army attacked and seized Hyderabad, creating a separate state for the Nizam, who wished to remain independent. However, in 1956, Indian state boundaries were redrawn based on linguistic criteria. Maharashtra, a Marathi-speaking state, was added to Hyderabad.
Population Census and Cultural Diversity
According to the Unique Identification Authority of India, which was updated on December 31, 2020, Telangana’s population in 2022 is expected to be 40.1 million (4.01 crores). By the end of 2020, the projected population will be 38,510,982. Telangana’s total fertility rate is 1.7, according to a Niti Aayog report from 2016.
According to a 2014 state study of one of the most populated states, Telangana, Hinduism is followed by 85% of the population, while Muslims account for 12.6%, Christians for 1.3%, Sikhs, Jains, etc. Buddhists make up the remaining 1%. The Sikh population is 30,340 individuals, or 0.04%, whereas the Jains comprise 26,690 people or 0.075%. Telangana has a Hindu population of 30 million people and a Muslim population of 4.4 million.
Economy
The twelfth most populated state, Telangana’s economy is India’s seventh largest, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of $9.78 trillion (US$130 billion) and the country’s sixth-highest GSDP per capita of $237,632 (US$3,100). In terms of human development, Telangana is ranked 22nd among Indian states. In addition, the state has begun to concentrate on the disciplines of information technology and biotechnology. Telangana is one of India’s top IT exporting states. In the state, there are 68 Special Economic Zones. Telangana’s economy is also based on agriculture. The Godavari and Krishna rivers, two of India’s most important rivers, pass through the state, providing irrigation.
Agriculture
Rice is the state’s main food crop and staple food. Tobacco, mango, cotton, and sugar cane are important crops. Agriculture has always been the state’s primary source of revenue. The Godavari and Krishna rivers, both important Indian rivers, pass across the state, providing irrigation. Many multi-state irrigation projects are in the works, notably the Godavari River Basin Irrigation Projects and the world’s highest masonry dam, Nagarjuna Sagar Dam.
Telangana is growing as a seed centre in India and chosen as an OECD certifying agency for ten states. The state cultivated seeds on 2,251 acres and sold 17,000 quintals to nations such as Sudan, Egypt, and the Philippines in 2017-18.
Industries
- Telangana’s key industries are automobiles and auto components, spices, mining and minerals, textiles and apparel, pharmaceuticals, horticulture, and poultry farming.
- Due to its information technology foray and big software businesses in the city, Hyderabad is commonly referred to as Cyberabad in terms of services. It generated 15% of India’s and 98% of Andhra Pradesh’s IT and ITES exports in 2013, with Hyderabad at the forefront of Telangana’s efforts to develop information technology in India, with the HITEC City serving as the city’s major hub.
- The state government is in the process of establishing Industrial Parks in various locations for various industries. Software Park in Hyderabad, HITEC City for software units, Apparel Park in Gundlapochampally, Export Promotion Park in Pashamylaram, and Biotechnology Park in Turkapally.
Conclusion
Telangana Day, also known as Telangana Formation Day, is a public holiday in the twelfth most populated state Telangana that commemorates the state’s formation. Since 2014, it has been marked on June 2 every year. By road, rail, and air, the state is well connected to the rest of the country. The Telangana State Road Transport Corporation (TSRTC) is the state’s primary public transportation provider, connecting all of the state’s cities and villages. According to a 2019 report, the state has one of the lowest literacy rates in India, at 72.8%. As of 2017, the state had 41,337 schools, with over 70% of these being government schools.
