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Bihar Introduction
Bihar is a state in India’s east. It is the third-largest state by population and the twelfth-largest by territory, with a land area of 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi). Bihar is bordered on the west by Uttar Pradesh, on the north by Nepal, on the east by the northern part of West Bengal, and on the south by Jharkhand. The Ganges River, which flows from west to east, divides the Bihar plain.
The area that is now Bihar was considered a centre of power, learning, and culture in ancient and classical India. From Magadha arose India’s first empire, the Maurya empire, as well as one of the world’s most widely practised religions.
Climate and geography
Bihar covers 94,163 square kilometers (36,357 square miles) and has an average elevation of 173 feet above sea level (53 m). Nepal borders it on the north, Jharkhand on the south, West Bengal on the east, and Uttar Pradesh on the west. Based on physical and structural conditions, it is divided into three sections: the Southern Plateau, the Shivalik Region, and Bihar’s Gangetic Plain.
In the West Champaran district, the sub-Himalayan foothills of the Shivalik ranges, primary Someshwar and Dun mountains are covered in a belt of moist deciduous forest. This includes scrub, grass, and reeds in addition to trees.
Bihar is entirely within the Temperate Zone’s Subtropical region, with a humid subtropical climate. In general, the climate is subtropical, with hot summers and cold winters.
The largest district of Bihar in population
Patna is the largest district of Bihar in population. Patna, formerly Pataliputra, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Bihar. According to the United Nations, Patna had a population of 2.35 million people in 2018, making it India’s 19th largest city. Patna had a per capita gross domestic product of 1,08,657 in 2011-12, far ahead of many other Indian cities and state capitals.
The modern city of Patna is primarily located on the Ganges’ southern bank. The Sone, Gandak, and Punpun rivers run through the city. The city has a length of 35 kilometers (22 miles) and a width of 16 to 18 kilometers.
Patna has long been a major agricultural crossroads and trade centre. Grain, sugarcane, sesame, and medium-grained Patna rice are the most popular exports. In and around Patna, there are several sugar mills. Eastern India’s most important business and luxury brand centre. Since 2005, Patna’s economy has been growing at a steady pace. Growth in the fast-moving consumer goods industry, the service sector, and green revolution businesses has boosted the economy.
Smallest district of Bihar in population
Sheikhpura District is Bihar’s least populous district, with a population of 6.35 lakhs.
Sheikhpura district is one of the Indian states of Bihar’s thirty-eight districts. This district’s administrative headquarters is in Sheikhpura. The Munger division includes the Sheikhpura district. Rajo Singh separated Sheikhpura from Munger district on July 31, 1994, and established a separate district with Sheikhpura as its headquarters. In 2011, it was Bihar’s least populous district.
Shekhpura is one of Bihar’s tiniest districts. Agriculture is the primary source of income for the people of Shekhpura. Another of the main activities is small-scale mining of smaller hillocks with crushers. Sheikhpura was named one of the country’s 250 poorest districts by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj in 2006. It is one of 36 districts in Bihar receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Program.
Richest district in Bihar
Patna is the most prosperous of Bihar’s 38 districts, with 43.1 percent urbanization, 6% of the state’s road network, and 16 per cent of the total number of vehicles.
In the fiscal year 2019-20, Bihar experienced double-digit growth, which was more than double the national rate at the time. According to the Economic Survey 2020-21, which was introduced in the state legislative assembly, Bihar’s growth rate in the 2019-20 fiscal year was 10.5%, while it was 4.2 at the national level during the same period.
Patna’s prosperity is not as impressive as that of Begusarai and Munger, despite its status as Bihar’s capital. Begusarai has a per capita income of Rs 45540, while Munger has a per capita income of Rs 37,385. Shahar has a much wider gap between richness and poverty than these two districts.
“Bihar grew at a double-digit rate of 10.5 per cent in 2019-20, which is above the national average and higher than the Indian economy’s 4.2 per cent growth rate in the same fiscal year.
Conclusion
Bihar has a forest reserve of 6,845 km2, or 7.27 per cent of its total land area.
With a total population of 104,099,452, Bihar was India’s third most populous state, with nearly 89 percent of the population living in rural areas. With 1,106 people per square kilometer, it was also India’s most densely populated state. 918 females per 1000 males were the sex ratio. Bihar had the highest proportion of people under the age of 25 in India, at nearly 58 percent. The state’s official language is Hindi, which is spoken by 25.54 percent of the population. Urdu is the state’s second official language, spoken by 8.42 percent of the population in 15 districts.
