An artificial object, planet, or moon revolves around a star or a planet. For example, the moon, which orbits around the earth, is the earth’s natural satellite. An artificial satellite is launched generally for research and weather forecasting purposes. India has launched numerous satellites since the year 1975. The main centre that carries out all these operations and organises space-related missions from India is the ISRO or Indian Space Research Organisation. It is one of the most prominent space research organisations.
ISRO
Indian Space Research Organisation has been the main centre in India for operating, building, designing, and launching ISRO satellites. Currently, the present chairman of ISRO is A.S.Kiran Kumar. Its headquarters are located in Bangalore. Aryabhata was the first Indian satellite to be launched by ISRO in the year 1975 with the help of the Soviet Union on April 19. It has been 44 years, and ISRO has successfully launched almost 150 satellites. After its first satellite launch, ISRO had also made its launch vehicle, through which it launched Rohini in 1979, although this satellite had failed to achieve orbit.
ISRO Satellites in brief
Furthermore, with more efforts, ISRO successfully launched two more launch vehicles, namely GSLV and PSLV. The GSLV or Geosynchronous Satellite Launch vehicle was launched to put satellites in Geostationary orbits. The PSLV or Polar Satellite Launch vehicle was made for specifically putting satellites in polar orbits. Now let us discuss where these operations and manufacturing take place. The satellites carry out monitoring, research, and weather forecasting throughout an entire day. Various instruments have been fitted on these satellites to provide monitoring information about spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions. These vary from country to country according to their usage and requirements. The data received from such monitoring helps in covering several applications. Some include forestry and ocean resources, rural development, urban planning, etc. It requires the satellites to use payloads and sensors produced and manufactured in the ISRO centre in Ahmedabad. Rockets are designed and built in the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Thiruvananthapuram, and launches are carried out on Sriharikota island near Chennai. Lastly, the satellites are designed, built, and made in the ISRO centre in Bangalore.
List of all Satellites launched by ISRO to date
India has been phenomenal and competitive in hosting space operations and other world superpowers. ISRO has successfully launched almost 150 satellites till the current day since 1975. Most of them have been successful missions. Listed below are the satellites and their year of launch.
Launch year | Name of Satellite |
1975 | Aryabhata |
1979 | Bhaskara-I |
1979 | Rohini Technology Payload |
1980 | Rohini RS-1 |
1981 | Rohini RS-D1 |
1981 | Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment |
1981 | Bhaskara-II |
1982 | INSAT-1A |
1983 | Rohini RS-D2 |
1983 | INSAT-1B |
1987 | CROSS-1 |
1988 | IRS-1A |
1988 | SROSS-2 |
1988 | INSAT-1C |
1990 | INSAT-1D |
1991 | IRS-1B |
1992 | SROSS-C |
1992 | INSAT-2DT |
1992 | INSAT-2A |
1993 | INSAT-2B |
1993 | IRS-1E |
1994 | SROSS-C2 |
1994 | IRS-P2 |
1995 | INSAT-2C |
1995 | IRS-1C |
1994 | IRS-P2 |
1996 | IRS-P3 |
1997 | INSAT-2D |
1997 | IRS-1D |
1999 | INSAT-2E |
1999 | IRS-P4 OCEANS |
2000 | INSAT-3B |
2001 | GSAT-1 |
2001 | Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) |
2001 | INSAT-3C |
2002 | Kalpana-1 (METSAT) |
2003 | INSAT-3A |
2003 | GSAT-2 |
2003 | INSAT-3E |
2003 | RESOURCES-1 (IRS-P6) |
2004 | EDUSAT (GSAT-3) |
2005 | HAMSA |
2005 | CARTOSAT-1 |
2005 | INSAT-4A |
2006 | INSAT-4C |
2007 | CARTOSAT-2 |
2007 | SRE-1 (Space Capsule Recovery Experiment) |
2007 | INSAT-4B |
2007 | INSAT-4CR |
2008 | CARTOSAT-2A |
2008 | IMS-1 |
2008 | Chandrayaan-1 |
2009 | RISAT-2 |
2009 | ANUSAT |
2009 | Oceans-2 |
2010 | GSAT-4 |
2010 | CARTOSAT-2B |
2010 | GSAT-5P /INSAT-4D |
2011 | RESOURCES-2 |
2011 | INSAT-4G |
2011 | Youths |
2011 | GSAT-12 |
2011 | Megha-Tropiques |
2012 | RISAT-1 |
2012 | GSAT-10 |
2013 | SARAL |
2013 | IRNSS-1A |
2013 | INSAT-3 |
2013 | GSAT-7 |
2013 | Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) |
2014 | GSAT-14 |
2014 | IRNSS-1B |
2014 | IRNSS- 1C |
2014 | GSAT-16 |
2014 | IRNSS-1D |
2014 | GSAT-6 |
2015 | Astrosat |
2015 | GSAT-15 |
2016 | IRNSS-1E |
2016 | IRNSS-1F |
2016 | IRNSS-1G |
2016 | CARTOSAT-2C |
2016 | INSAT-3DR |
2016 | SCATSAT-1 |
2017 | CARTOSAT-2D |
2018 | CARTOSAT- 2F |
2018 | MICROSAT- TD |
2018 | INS -1C |
2018 | GSAT- 6A |
2018 | IRNSS -1I |
2018 | GSAT-29 |
2018 | HySYS |
2018 | ExseedSat-1 |
2018 | GSAT-11 |
2018 | GSAT-7A |
2019 | Microsat-R |
2019 | KalamSAT-V2 |
2019 | GSAT-31 |
32019 | EMISAT |
2019 | Chandrayaan-2 |
2019 | Cartosat-3 |
2020 | GSAT-30 |
2020 | EOS-01 |
Conclusion
This article successfully discussed India’s only space research organisation, namely ISRO. We have seen that it was established in 1969, and its space operations and missions have been on a boom since then. Although some space missions have failed to execute in the past, ISRO has never stopped researching its aims to explore more missions in space. Chandrayan 3, the latest lunar exploration, is also planned for August 2022 and keeps high expectations for success post its launch.