Logic Gates are significant digital gadgets that rely primarily on the Boolean function. The Logic gate accomplishes the logical operations on the 1 or more than one binary inputs and output giving a single output of the binary. Moreover, they are the electronic circuits that make up a digital system and if you are studying electronics, logic gate are a crucial concept. 

Kinds of Logic Gate

Logic gates is a digital gates that permits data to flow from one place to another. Logic gates employ logic to decide whether a signal should be passed or not. Logic gates, on the other hand, use a set of rules to control flow of data. The following logic gate is frequently used. They are- AND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR and NAND.

AND Gate

There are two inputs and one output on the AND gate. The AND gate’s output is also expressed as Y = A.B. The AND gate’s output is calculated by multiplying both inputs. The AND gate’s inputs are logic high and logic low, or 0 and 1. So each logic gate has a truth table, which is a declaration of the logic gate’s input and output.

OR Gate

There are two inputs and one output on the OR gate. A OR gate’s output equation is stated as Y = A + B. As a result, the OR gate’s output is generated by summing both binary inputs.

NOR Gate

The NOR gate is a hybrid of the OR and NOT gates. Output of an OR gate is connected to  the NOT gate in the form of a -bubble, which creates the inverted output of the OR gate. There are two inputs and one output on a NOR gate. The output equation of a NOR gate is Y= (A+B)’

NOT Gate

The NOT gate has only one input and output. The NOT gate’s output is obtained by inverting the input. The output of NOT gates will be high if the input is low, and vice versa. As a result, the NOT gate’s output equation is Y = A, where A represents the input.

XOR Gate

The XOR gate, also known as the exclusive OR gate, is a binary bit adder that can be utilised in a variety of digital circuits. A XOR gate is made up of multiple NAND and NOR gates, as well as a mixture of other basic logic gates. A XOR gate’s output equation is Y =A. Y=A’.B+A.B’

XNOR Gate

The Exclusive-NOR gate is a digital logic gate that takes more than 2 inputs but only outputs one.

The XNOR Gate’s output is ‘High’ if both inputs are ‘High.’ The output is ‘Low’ if both inputs are ‘Low.’ The output is ‘Low’ if one of the inputs is ‘Low.’ and the Boolean equation is Y is equal to A.B+A’B’ if there are inputs A and B.

NAND Gate

The NAND gate is a hybrid of the AND and NOT gates. The AND gate’s output is connected to a not gate in the shape of a bubble, which inverts the AND gate’s output. There are two inputs and one output on a NAND gate. Y = (A.B)’ is the output equation for a NAND gate.

Application of Logic Gates

The application of logic gate is numerous, but they are primarily defined by the mode of operations or the truth table of the logic gate. Safe thermostats, the push-button locks, the automatic water system and a number of other electronic gadgets all use basic logic gates.

One of the primary advantages of advanced processes is also that the basic logic gate can be used in a number of different combinations. Furthermore, there is no limit to the number of gate that can be used in a single device. It may, however, be reduced due to the physical restrictions of the device. Digital integrated circuits contain logic gate area unit arrays.

In computers, logic gates are used to convert the 1s and 0s from the input wires. The digits 0 and 1 are not real numbers. They are levels of logic. Moreover, they are the fundamental components of a digital computer. The inputs are converted using logic gates based on their states.

The logic gate is an electrical device in which the input and output voltages have a logical relationship. OR, AND, and NOT are the three basic gates. Semiconductor devices are used to make logic gates. Each basic logic gate has its own symbol as well as a truth table. All conceivable input combinations and outputs are listed in the truth table.

Integrated Circuit (IC)

An IC is an electronic device or circuit that contains electrical parts on a minor semiconductor chip. An IC can do the signal amplification or the logic. The two most popular kinds of circuits are analog and digital. Digital ICs cope with discrete signal like binary numbers, whereas analog ICs deals with continuous signal such as the audio.

Kinds of IC

Integrated circuits are classified according to a variety of factors. The ICs can be categorised into the following categories based on its intended application:

Digital Integrated Circuit

They function as they use “false/true” logical processes to handle the discrete signal like the binary values. The use of basic Boolean operations like NOT, AND  and OR is crucial to the creation of functionality of the modern digital systems.. These Boolean functions are implemented using transistors. The Digital logic gate, the flip flops, the multiplexers, and the other components are used in these circuits. The circuit is easy to construct and more cost-effective.

Analog Integrated Circuit

There are 2 kinds of IC- Radio Frequency IC and Linear IC.

Mixed Integrated Circuit

A combination of digital and analog ICs is used to create them. 

Conclusion

Logic gate is used in a wide range of applications. Chips (ICs) contain these components, which are found in phones, PCs, electronic devices and laptops. They can be integrated in a number of ways, and a million of them are required to create the latest devices, robots and even satellites.