Computer Fundamentals /Terminologies

Computer Fundamentals

Invented by Charles Babbage, a computer is a device that is programmed to perform logical operations or arithmetic operations or computations in said order. Programs are generic collections of operations that modern computers can do. These programmes allow computers to carry out a variety of tasks. Now we’ll learn about various computer fundamental terminologies- 

1. CPU- Central Processing Unit or CPU is an electronic device which aids in executing instructions and commands in a computer programme. Basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output tasks are performed by the CPU according to the instructions in the programme.
2. PC- A personal computer is a multipurpose microcomputer that is small enough, powerful enough, and inexpensive enough to be used by one person. Instead of being operated by a computer specialist or technician, personal computers are designed to be operated by the end-user.
3. Keyboard- An input device that is used to enter data into a computer or to tell it to perform a certain task. The key layout is similar to that of a typewriter, with the inclusion of additional keys for specific functions.
4. Memory- These are chips that contain information that a computer needs to use. There are two types of memory chips- a. RAM  b. ROM
5. RAM- Random-access memory (RAM) is one of the forms of computer memory that enables machine code and data to be changed and read. RAM helps in storing machine code and data. 
6. ROM- Read Only Memory or ROM is one form of non-volatile memory in electronic devices and computers. After the memory device is manufactured, data saved in ROM cannot be electronically manipulated. 
7. Input- The general definition of input in computer science is to deliver or give anything to the computer; in other words, when a computer or device receives a command or signal from an external source, the occurrence is referred to as input to the device
8. Output: A computer or other electronic device’s output is any information it processes and sends out. Anything visible on your computer       monitor screen, such as the words you write on your keyboard, is   an example of output.
9. Software- A set of instructions that tells a computer how to work is known as software.This contrasts with hardware, which is the foundation of the system and does the real job.
10. Hardware- Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as CPU, monitor, mouse, keyboard, speakers and motherboard.
11. Floppy Disk – A floppy disc, also known as a floppy diskette, , is a type of storage media that reads data storage information and is used to store electronic data, such as a computer file.
12. Server- A server is basically a part of computer software or hardware which imparts functionality to other devices or programmes which is better known as ‘clients’ in the world of computing. 

Conclusion:

The Father of computers‘ Charles Babbage’ gifted this world with an outstanding innovation i.e. Computer. With the passage of time, the computer transformed and so has the world too because of it. The computer fundamentals are highly essential for one and all to understand and perform. The computer fundamentals in hindi can be well understood by referring to computer fundamentals MCQ.