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The climatic conditions in India consist of a huge range of conditions spread across diverse topography and geography, which generalizes the climatic conditions difficult in the country. The department of meteorology gives importance and follows the standard of the types of climates in the international forum. However, these standards include certain local adjustments. The types of seasons in India are: Monsoon Season, winter season, and the summer season. Since India is a sub-tropical country. This means that the types of climate in India include mild winter climate, humid rainy climate, and hot summer climate.
Summer
The Summer season in India starts from the month of April and ends by the month of July. It is one of the most important seasons in a sub-tropical country, like India. These seasons are mainly linked to dry and hot weather. During the summer season, nights are observed as shorter, while the days are observed as longer.
Summer seasons are important to the farmers of the country. This is because they sow seeds of the new crops, during this season. The weather conditions for the sowing procedure were seen to be favorable during this season. Zaid crops are sowed- including the seeds of cucumber, pumpkin, etc.
Monsoon
Throughout the summer season, the sun’s rays warm-up the surface of the seas and the terrains; however, the temperature of the surfaces of the land climbs all the more rapidly. As the land’s surface becomes hotter, the air above it grows and an area of low pressure creates. In the interim, the sea stays at a lower temperature than the land thus the air above it holds a higher tension. Since the flow of winds is from areas of the high-pressure region to low, this deficiency in tension over the landmass makes the wind flow in a sea-to-land dissemination. As winds blow from the sea to the land, clammy air is brought inland.
Post Monsoon
This season is commonly known as the Retreating Climate. It starts in the month of October and ends in the month of November. In this season, the transition from the hot season to the winter season takes place. Similar to the winter season, the nights are pleasant and cool; while the days have a high temperature.
Winter
The winter season in India starts from the month of November and lasts till the month of February. Usually, it is observed that the months of January and December are the coldest in the country. It is also observed that the nights are cold and the days are hot, during this season. The cultivation of Rabi crops takes place during this type of climate in India. The basic feature of this climate is- low temperature, humidity and feeble, clear sky, and variable winds.
Change in Climate
The occasional alteration of Earth’s climatic condition is achieved because of the progressions in the air as well as the communications between the air and other topographical, synthetic, natural, and geological variables within the Earth’s framework is called Climatic change. It is now considered a global security threat in the 21st-century world. Two principal factors add to the climatic changes. These changes are the Natural Factors and the Anthropogenic Factors.
It has perhaps the most elevated thickness of monetary action around the world, and extremely enormous quantities of poor individuals depending on the normal asset base for their occupations, with a high reliance on precipitation. One of the main ways that environmental change will affect the existence of individuals in India will be through its water assets. While water supports life, everything time and again unleashes ruin through decimating floods and dry spells.
The impact of climate change in India includes the following points-
- Change in the Pattern of rainfall within the country
- Overexploitation of Groundwater
- Increase in the overall temperature and heat in the country
- Scarcity of water and several hazards also are the consequences of climatic change
- Rise in the sea level and condition of Droughts in some regions
Conclusion
The climatic conditions in India consist of a huge range of conditions spread across diverse topography and geography, which generalizes the climatic conditions difficult in the country. The types of seasons in India are- Monsoon Season, after-monsoon season, winter season, and the summer season. Changes in climatic changes are now considered a global security threat in the 21st-century world. Two principal factors add to the climatic changes- the Natural Factors and the Anthropogenic Factors.
