Solubility Formula

Solubility Formula

When a solid material dissolves in a fluid, the two substances unite to produce an aqueous phase called solubility. An equilibrium value of the operation of dissolving a liquid or solid material into an aqueous dissolution medium as the solubility product characteristic.

A liquid’s Solubility Formula, also known as the Solubility Product Formula, is symbolised by the sign Ksp.

S = √KSP

Solubility is a feature of a material called a solute that allows it to absorb in a solvent and create a solution.

It is among the substances’ physical features.

For instance, the dissolution of an ionic chemical in water, which normally disintegrates into ionic species, varies greatly. Many compounds are very soluble, to the point that they can take moist air, whereas others are insoluble.

Solubility Product

A variety of circumstances determines a substance’s solubility. So, let’s try to figure out how the Solubility Process will work:

• When a specific salt is dissolved, the interaction forces between ions and also the solution exceed the ionic attraction force inside the molecule, allowing the substance to disintegrate in the liquid
• As a result, anytime a solute breaks in a solvent, considerable energy is normally liberated, and the solubilisation enthalpy of both the ions turns negative
• The solvation temperature, or the energy released during the solubilisation process, examines the types of the solvent
• The energy needed to control the interactions between elements of the solution, i.e. the lattice temperature, is insufficient in non-polar fluids, so non-polar solutes have a weak solvation enthalpy

Solved Examples

1. Tin iodide SnI2 has a molar solubility = 1.28 x 10-2 mol/L. Determine this compound’s Ksp.

The equilibrium solubility of SnI2 is

SnI2(s) ⇋⇋ Sn2+(aq) + 2I–(aq)

The Ksp expression looks like this:

Ksp = [Sn2+][I–]2

SnI2 generates 1.0 mol of Sn2+ whereas 2.0 mol of I– per mol.

[Sn2+] = 1.28 × 10-2M

[I–] = (2) × 1.28 × 10-2M

[I–] = 2.56 × 10-2M

Replace these values in the Ksp equation.

Ksp = (1.28 ×× 10-2M)(2.56 × 10-2M)2

So, Ksp = 8.4 × 10-6 M2