List of supreme Court of India

The Supreme Court of India, which has a maximum of 34 judges and vast authority in the area of original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions headed by the Chief Justice of India.

It hears appeals mostly from high courts in different states of the Union, as well as other trial courts, as India’s highest court of appeal. It is responsible for protecting individuals’ basic rights and resolving conflicts between various government bodies, such as the federal government vs. state governments and state governments vs. another state government in the nation. It hears cases that may be special as an advisory court.

The Indian High Courts Law 1861 established high courts for several provinces and abolished the Supreme Courts in Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. Until the Federal Court of India was established underneath the Government of India Act 1935, these new high courts enjoyed the honor of becoming the highest courts for any and all cases. The Federal Court held authority over conflicts between provinces and federal states, as well as hearing appeals from high court decisions. H. J. Kania was India’s first Chief Justice.

History

The Supreme Court of India was established on January 28, 1950. The legal federation of India and  the Judicial Committee of a Privy Council, which were at the summit of the Indian court system at the moment, were both superseded by it. However, the first hearings and inauguration were held on January 28, 1950, at 9:45 a.m., when the judges sat in their places. 

The Supreme Court was first housed in the Parliament Buildings Chamber of Princes, where the former Federal Courts in India sat from 1937 until 1950. H. J. Kania was India’s first Chief Justice.

Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court 

The Supreme Court of India was founded under Chapter IV and Part V of the Indian Constitution. The Supreme Court of India has complete jurisdiction underneath this Chapter. The Supreme Court of India was formed and established in accordance with Article 124. The Supreme Court is the Court of Record, according to Article 129. The Supreme Court’s Original Jurisdiction is permitted under Article 131. The Supreme Court’s Appellate Jurisdiction is permitted under Articles 132, 133, and 134. The Supreme Court has power over the Federal Court under Article 135. Special leave for appeal the decision is dealt with under Article 136. Article 137 explains the Supreme Court’s review power. Article 138 concerns the Supreme Court’s authority being expanded. Article 139 relates with the Supreme Court being granted the authority to issue specific writs. Article 140 grants the Supreme Court ancillary powers.

Article 141 of the Constitution grants the Judiciary the power to make laws. The Supreme Court’s decision is binding inside the country.

Conclusion

A citizen of India under the age of 65, as defined by Article 124 of the Constitution, He/She has to be:

a judge of one or more high courts (consistently) for at 5 years

The person must be an advocate for at least 10 years there.

Article 124(2) of the Indian Constitution provides a prominent jurist, in the president’s Judgement. 

On April 18, 2019, an anonymous female Supreme Court employee submitted an affidavit alleging that Presiding Judge Ranjan Gogoi sexually assaulted her. Although the committee’s findings was not released to the complainant, Gogoi was soon absolved of the accusations of sexual harassment by an in-house committee of the Court. However, there were massive demonstrations over the way the Supreme Court handled the woman’s lawsuit.   The report from the committee was sought through a petition to the National Human Rights Commission.