List of Major Amendments of the Indian Constitution

The introduction of amendments in the Indian constitution was initiated by the first amendment act, 1951, on the 18th of June, by the first Prime Minister of India, Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru. There is great importance in the introduction or implementation of the amendments in the Indian constitution. In India, around 105 number amendments discuss the process or deal with various subject matters that concur with India as a country. There is an incorporation of different purposes of the latest amendment like the welfare of the Indian citizen, protection of the Indian subjects and the properties and rules for objectionable acts. 

First amendment act, 1951

The “first amendment act, 1951” in India was encapsulated under the authorization of the former first prime minister of India, Mr Jawaharlal Nehru. In context to “first amendment act, 1951”, it can be stated that within the act there is an inclusion of various aspects like the “protection from religious factors”, “freedom of speech”, and “freedom of the press”. 

• The “first amendment act, 1951” of the Indian constitution, not only incorporates the protection of the Indian residents within India but “first amendment act, 1951” is also applicable to UK residents who are Indian. 
• The primary reason for the initiation of the “first amendment act, 1951” was to bring to light and provide equal rights to the economically and socially deprived citizens of India. 
• The imposition of the first amendment act, 1951 came into the act and empowered the backward people (ST and SC) under the Indian constitution. Precisely, there is further importance of various articles within the first amendment construction like 19, 15, 87, 176, 174, 342,341,376 and 372. 
• The first amendment act, 1951 also introduces itself to 31B and 31A. 
• The latest amendment is usually enrolled and covered under the guidance of the parliament but in 1951, there was no inclusion of any such things. It is for a country to have its own set-up of rules and regulations for the further progression of the country. 

In the first amendment act, 1951 there is the inclusion of the 9th schedule of the constitution in order to provide the protection of the land reforms and several other laws that are present reform the clutches of the judicial reviews. 

Latest amendment

The formation of the latest amendments in the Indian constitution is very vital as it allows the creation of a better or more holistic approach to the constitutional benefit from the building of laws in the Indian constitution. The latest amendment of the Indian constitution is that of the 104th latest amendment in 2020. This latest amendment includes an extension of the time period of the socially and economically backward people like the SC and the ST by 10 years in the state assembly and the Loksabha. It is a decision undertaken by the latest amendment of the constitution. The latest amendment is made into passing the account and having their position in the preamble of India. 

In terms of the GST introduction, there is another latest amendment encapsulated in the 122nd of the Indian constitution. In the latest amendment of the GST introduction, there is an incorporation of bill rights empowerment that ensures or gives authority for imposition of the additional tax that is up to 1% on the goods production. 

GST introduction

GST introduction is commonly referred to as the “Goods Services Tax”. The GST introduction came to the normal citizens’ attention after the implementation of the new law that concerns the learning of the GST introduction and its presence in 122nd of the Indian constitution. The GST introduction marked its presence on the 29th of March 2017 and it was enforced under Indian law making on 1st July 2017. Some of the crucial salient features of the GST introduction are:

• “Central Excise Duty”
• “Duties of Excise”

Conclusion 

India is a diverse and secular country and thus there is an incorporation of the various latest amendments. Knowing or learning about the latest amendment of the Indian constitution is quite difficult as there is a collection of roughly 105 amendments in the Indian constitution. In the 122nd of the latest amendment, there is a presentation or incorporation of the GST introduction. The introduction of the first amendment creation for the Indian constitution has been discussed. GST introduction is another important implementation and incorporation of the latest amendment to aid in the smooth working of the organisation that delivers services and goods.