Law Making Procedure in the Parliament

The legislative body of the government is concerned with making all the important decisions and making laws for the country. Whenever any law has to get enforced in the country, it is first presented as a bill in the parliament. After debates and negotiations on the pros and cons of bringing the law into exercise, the law gets passed and approved by the parliament members. After which the President scrutinizes the law again and after giving consent is enforced in the country. Any law that is made to pass in the house is called a Bill. After a bill receives Presidential approbation, it becomes a law and then is enforced on the common public.

There are 2 types of bills that are passed in the Parliamentary house. One is the Ordinary Bill and the other is the Money Bill.  

The law Making Procedure

A bill first gets drafted before it is introduced in the house of law. 

• Before any legislative procedure begins, the bill undergoes its First Reading stage, where the bill is introduced in either of the houses by any minister or private member of the house.

• The prevailing appointed officer then puts up the bill for permission to introduce the bill in the house. After approval, it then gets into the phase of further scrutinization in the house. 

• After the introduction of the bill in the house, it is then published in the official gazette. 

• The presiding committee then sends the bill to the standing party for further clarification and examination of the proposed bill. After consideration from the members, the committee submits a report based on the same to the house. 

• Then, the bill undergoes the Second Reading phase, where the bill that is passed undergoes quick revisions by the other members of the house. After undergoing a general discussion on the bill, the house can either go for a clause-by-clause detailed consideration, or can refer that bill to a selected committee member to act upon, or can propose a referral of the same to the Joint Committee of both the houses or can circulate the bill among the general public for their opinion on the same.

• The bill is then sent to the other house for consideration, where again it undergoes the same procedure to get the bill passed with majority approval. 

• This is the final round of the law approval, where the President’s approval is needed for making the bill a law. After the bill receives the President’s assent, the bill is then executed and accepted as law. 

The Bill

 A bill is anticipated legislation that under consideration and approval from the members of both houses becomes a law. The bill until and unless is approved by the legislative and the executive doesn’t become law. A law after approval and acceptance becomes an act under the legislature or a statute. 

There exist 2 types of bills in the parliamentary house i.e., the Ordinary Bill and the Money Bill. 

The Ordinary Bill:

• According to Articles 107 and 108, any law that is not related to finance or doesn’t include monetary concern is referred to as an Ordinary bill. 

• Ordinary bills can be introduced by any minister or private members of the parliament. And the approval of the ordinary bill just requires a simple majority of the house to get approved. 

• There are 2 types of ordinary bills i.e., Private Member’s Bills and Government Bills. 

• A Private Bill is a type of bill that is moved by any private member of the parliament. The approval of this bill into law has very minor probability as it doesn’t hold the majority support.

• The Government bill is a bill that is introduced by any minister of the Central Government. The approval of the bill as law usually takes a lot of time. 

The Money Bill

• Money bills are introduced under Article 110 of the constitution which only gets introduced in the Lok Sabha after the President’s prior approval. 

• The money bill deals with subject matters that require monetary support or investment. It deals with areas like an imposition, abolition, alteration of any tax, or the regulation of the borrowing and giving of money, etc. 

• The money bill holds a higher priority in the Rajya Sabha as compared to the Lok Sabha. Rajya Sabha has very limited powers regarding a money bill. 

• Although Rajya Sabha can make endorsements for the same, the Lok Sabha is not bound to accept them. 

Conclusion

Laws are a vital part to ensure law and order in the country. In a democratic country, before any law gets passed or approved it undergoes various stages of scrutinization which checks its fittest application among the public.