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Madhya Pradesh is located between the Indo-Gangetic Plain in the north and the Deccan Plateau in the south. Low hills, broad plateaus, and river valleys define its physiography. The Madhya Pradesh State Government is the highest governing authority of Madhya Pradesh and its 52 districts. Madhya Pradesh’s administration, like that of most other Indian states, follows the laws laid down in accordance with the Constitution of India. The official language of the state is Hindi.
The governor is the head of state, appointed by the President of India. The governor is advised and supported by the Council of Ministers, chaired by the Chief Minister. The principal bench of the High Court of Madhya Pradesh is located in Jabalpur, with two other benches in Indore and Gwalior. Lower courts like district courts and family courts are located across the state.
Administratively, the state is divided into numerous divisions, each of which is further subdivided into various districts at the local level. A commissioner leads each division, while a collector leads each district. The collector has executive and magisterial authority. The village panchayats have been in charge of local government at the lowest level since 1962.
Executive
At the central government’s suggestion, the governor of Madhya Pradesh, like the governors of other Indian states, is appointed by the President of India. The governor mainly serves a ceremonial role and is also known as the centre’s agent. The chief minister is the state’s chief executive and possesses executive powers. Bhopal, the state capital, is home to the Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and its secretariat.
Legislature
The present legislature of Madhya Pradesh is unicameral. The Vidhan Sabha is Madhya Pradesh’s legislative body, with 230 MLAs elected directly from single-seat districts and one nominated member. Unless it is disbanded sooner, it has a 5-year term.
History of the legislature of Madhya Pradesh
In May of 1948, the Central India unit was formed, which included the states of Gwalior, Indore, and Malwa. The then ruler Shri Jivaji Rao Scindia was declared the lifetime Head of State of Central India. The Chief Minister of Gwalior, Shri Liladhar Joshi, was made the first Chief Minister since Gwalior was the largest state. On June 4, 1948, this Cabinet was sworn in.
Following that, a 75-member Legislative Assembly was formed, with 40 representatives from Gwalior State, 20 from Indore, and the remaining 15 from other princely states. This Legislative Assembly lasted from October 31, 1956, until October 31, 1957. The Central Indian Legislative Assembly was allocated 99 members in the national elections of 1952. Central India was split into 59 single-member and 20 double-member areas.
Health and welfare
Every district in Madhya Pradesh has at least one hospital, which is usually near a city, and hundreds of community and primary health centres and subcenters strewn over the state’s rural areas. Furthermore, the state has several eye hospitals, mental health institutions, and other specialist facilities for tuberculosis, venereal disease, and rabies prevention and treatment, which, like filariasis and leprosy, have remained significant public health concerns. Gwalior is home to a cancer research centre. Malaria has almost completely disappeared in Madhya Pradesh, where it was long endemic.
Education
The state’s literacy rate is roughly two-thirds. Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools and polytechnics, ITI and other institutions are run by the government. The state’s oldest and best-known institutions are Dr Harisingh Gour University (1946, previously University of Saugar) in Sagar and Vikram University (1957) in Ujjain, while the music school in Khairagarh is one of India’s finest. A media and public relations institute is located in Bhopal, and an agriculture university is located in Jabalpur.
The chief minister of Madhya Pradesh
The Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh is Shivraj Singh Chouhan. On November 30, 2005, Chouhan was chosen as the state BJP president and the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh. He stood for a by-election in the Budhni assembly constituency the following year, winning with approximately 36,000 votes. Chouhan received over 41,000 votes in his Budhni seat in 2008, giving the BJP its second straight victory in the state. On December 12, 2008, he was re-elected to a second term. On December 8, 2013, Chouhan was elected from Budhni again to the Legislative Assembly. The current and longest-serving incumbent is Shivraj Singh Chouhan of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
The political crisis in Madhya Pradesh in 2020
The state of Madhya Pradesh, India, had a political crisis in March 2020 after 22 incumbent MLAs of the Indian National Congress party resigned from the state’s Legislative Assembly. As a result of the fall of the Kamal Nath government, the fourth Shivraj Singh Chouhan cabinet was created in Madhya Pradesh.
