Short Notes on the Stomach

As we all know, the stomach is an essential organ in the human body and without it, we human beings would have not survived. The major process that occurs within the stomach is digestion. “Digestion” is quite an essential process that leads to successive breaking down of food content into smaller pieces that is taken by human beings. Breaking down food material refers to providing the body with necessary nutrients, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and many more. The major responsibility of the stomach is to temporarily provide storage of food, then mix and further successive breakdown of food.

Stomach functions  

The stomach has been defined as the muscular organ inclined to process the consumed food. The core function of this organ is to digest food. Since it is an essential part of the gastrointestinal tract, it can produce estimated enzymes and acids. Therefore, these fluids allow the foods to break down and be diluted accurately. Hence, these deluded foods can easily go through the small intestine and help it to digest as the body required. To be more precise, stomach function is followed by four stages, such as; reservoir, secretion of acid, enzyme secretion and the inclusion of gastrointestinal motility. 

Parts of stomach  

The stomach is distributed in five distinct features and sections, such as; 

• The top section of the stomach, the cardia
• Next to cardia, there is a round-shaped section, which is called the fundus
• The corpus is the widest section of the stomach
• Followed by this, the antrum lies afterwards
• Eventually, the bottom part of the stomach ends up with the polypus. 

The overall anatomy of the stomach 

The stomach is situated on the upper abdomen precisely on the left side of the human body. The upper part of the stomach is attached to a valve, which is called the oesophagal sphincter. This valve is provided by the muscle at the end of the oesophagus. However, the bottom section of the stomach is provided with a connection to the small intestine. It is contained with three layers of gentle and smooth muscles such as the external longitudinal, the middle circular and the internal oblique muscles. 

Symptoms of stomach issues 

Although there are several patterns and variances of stomach issues and disease, the fundamental symptoms and basic identification can be made with bleeding and bloating.  Along with that constitutes constipation and diarrhoea is highly common among people suffering from stomach issues. In addition to that, heartburn, incontinence, vomiting, nausea, stomach ache all are interrelated when it comes to stomach issues. This is followed by abdominal discomfort, acid reflux fatigue, loss of appetite as well as undefined weight loss. 

Major stomach disease in India 

It has been identified that in most cases almost 22% of the Indian adult population has been suffering from stomach issues and preliminary conditions.  In terms of this almost 13% of them are complaining about having severe constipation or diarrhoea. In this context, this observation has put light on certain diseases such as chronic diarrhoea, chronic constipation, ulcer, stomach cancer, haemorrhoids, Gastroenteritis. Furthermore, as per the record of 2019, India has identified that 57% of the obese patients have been suffering from similar stomach issues, whereas 45% of the underweight population are triggered by the same. 

Causes behind the stomach disease 

Several causes are noticed that are intricately associated with stomach diseases, within the human body. The major cause refers to poor conditions of digestive tracts, which is primarily caused by infections. These infections are associated with “bacteria”, “parasites or viruses” within the gastrointestinal tract. The other prominent causes related to “celiac diseases” refers to the conditions of “severe sensitivity” caused due to gluten intake. This may cause severe “intestinal damage”. Another most significant cause that lies behind stomach diseases is “Diverticulitis”, which is a peculiar condition. This condition results in the swelling up of “abnormal pockets” within the colon region. Other causes of stomach disease may relate to disorders in the “body wall”, “circulatory system”, “urinary tracts” and many more. 

Conclusion 

In this study, an effective exploration has been conducted on providing vivid pictures of the cape of the stomach, the crucial organ in human anatomy. Moreover, a proper discussion has been conducted that relates to the several functions associated with the stomach. The receptive “parts of the stomach” are as well discussed that successively assists in the understanding of the anatomy of the human body. In addition to these, symptoms of ‘stomach issues’ ‘ are discussed that state “first signs’ ‘ like stomach aches, constipation, nausea and many more. Furthermore, the study has also developed reasons for the causes of “stomach diseases” within India.