Human Organs-Brain

The human brain is an extraordinary three-pound organ capable of controlling all the functions of the human body. It interprets relevant information from the environment and then embodies the mind and the soul’s essence.

Intelligence, emotion, memory, and creativity are a few things that are perfectly governed by the brain. In addition, the brain can receive information via our five senses: smell, touch, sight, hearing, and taste, often many of them simultaneously. 

Human Organ- Brain 

The human brain assembles the messages in a meaningful way, and it even can store that information in the memory of a person. The brain guides and controls our memory and speech, thoughts, movement of our bodily organs, and even the functions of various organs within the body. 

It is carefully guarded within the skull and comprises three main parts, including the cerebellum, brainstem, and cerebrum. Our central nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is again made up of spinal nerves that are the branch of the spinal cord and cranial nerves that are the branch of the brain. 

Electrical signals of a brain control a wide range of processes, and the human brain has enough potential to interpret each of these signals correctly. For example, some of the functions of the human brain make humans feel tired, while other signals induce other types of feelings like happiness and pain. 

Parts of Brain

Let us now look at some critical parts of the human brain that need to be mentioned while talking about this vital human organ that is the brain. The brain is divided into three parts: the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum. 

Cerebrum

It is the human brain’s most significant part and consists of the left and the right hemispheres. It performs some of the most important functions like interpreting vision, touch, hearing, speech, emotions, reasoning, learning, movement control, etc. 

The cerebrum is the brain’s front part and consists of a gray matter that is the cerebral cortex along with a white point located at its center. The cerebrum is the brain’s most significant part that coordinates movement and initiates temperature regulation.

Other significant areas of the cerebrum facilitate speech, reasoning ability, judgment, thinking and problem-solving, learning, and emotions. Other essential functions of the brain’s cerebrum are related to senses like vision, touch, and hearing.

Cerebral Cortex

Cortex is another word for “bark,” It explains the outer gray matter that covers the cerebrum. The cortex has a vast surface area owing to its folds. It is divided into two hemispheres. 

The right hemisphere is responsible for controlling the body’s left side, and the left hemisphere controls the right side of the human body. Both the halves interact via a large structure of white matter that is C-shaped, and nerve pathways are known as the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum is located in the cerebrum’s center.

Cerebellum

It is located under the front part of the brain, which is the cerebrum. Its primary function is to coordinate the movement of the muscles and maintain the right balance and posture. The cerebellum, also called the little brain, is a portion of the brain that is the size of a fist. It is located at the head’s backside, above the brainstem, and below the occipital and temporal lobes.

Just as the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum also has two hemispheres. The outer portion consists of neurons, and the inner area interacts with the cerebral cortex. It coordinates voluntary muscle movements and helps maintain balance, equilibrium, and posture. 

Brainstem

It works as a relay center that assists in connecting the cerebrum and the cerebellum to the spinal cord. It performs various automatic functions like breathing, body temperature, vomiting, wake and sleep cycles, heart rate, sneezing, digestion, coughing, and swallowing.

The brainstem is located in the middle of the brain and helps in connecting the cerebrum to the spinal cord. The brainstem consists of the midbrain, the pons, and lastly, the medulla.

Midbrain

The midbrain is a complex structure with various neuron clusters that are nuclei and colliculi, neural pathways, and some other systems. These essential features help in performing many valuable functions, like hearing, movement, calculating responses, and dealing with environmental changes.

The midbrain also encompasses the substantia nigra. It is an area that gets affected by Parkinson’s disease and some part of the basal ganglia. It helps in movement and coordination.

Pons

The pons enables various activities like tears, chewing, focusing vision, balance, hearing, blinking, and facial expressions. Another word for pons is “bridge,” The pons connect the midbrain and the medulla.

Medulla

The medulla is located at the brainstem’s bottom. This is the place where the brain and the spinal cord meet. The medulla is very important for survival. The medulla functions to regulate various bodily activities, like heart rhythm, blood flow, etc. The medulla also produces reflexive movements like sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.

Conclusion

To conclude, the human brain is a very delicate organ of the human body. Also, it is a crucial control center of the human body’s nervous system. It controls all the physical as well as the mental processes. 

The spinal cord of the brain is a long and thin bundle of nervous tissue. It facilitates the passing of messages from the body of a human to their brain and eventually from the brain to the human body.