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If you’re studying electronics, logic gates are a crucial topic. These are significant digital gadgets that rely primarily on the Boolean function. Logic gates perform logical operations on one or more binary inputs and output a single binary output. Logic gates are the electronic circuits that make up a digital system.
Basic logic gates
A logic gate is a basic digital circuit building element with two inputs and one output. The relationship between the input and the output follows a set of rules. These gates are implemented using electronic switches like transistors and diodes. Basic logic gates, on the other hand, are constructed utilizing CMOS technology, FETS, and MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor FETs). Microprocessors, microcontrollers, embedded system applications, and electronic and electrical project circuits all use logic gates. AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and NOT are the seven most basic logic gates.
Classification of basic gates
AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, XNOR gate, and NOT gate are the seven types of basic logic gates. The logic gate function is depicted using the truth table. Except for the NOT gate, which has only one input, all logic gates have two inputs.
The binary integers 0 and 1 are used to create a truth table. The amount of inputs determines every conceivable combination.
AND gate:
The AND gate is a digital logic gate with ‘n’ inputs and a single output that conducts logical conjunction based on the input combinations. The output of this gate is true only when all the inputs are true. When one or more of the AND gate’s inputs are false, the AND gate’s output is false as well.
OR gate:
The OR gate is a digital logic gate with ‘n’ inputs and a single output that conducts logical conjunction based on the inputs’ combinations. The OR gate’s output is true only if one or more of its inputs are true. If all of the gate’s inputs are false, the OR gate’s output is also false.
XOR gate:
The Exclusive-OR gate is a two-input, one-output digital logic gate. Ex-OR is the abbreviation for this gate. It functions based on the OR gate’s activity. If any of the EX-OR gate’s inputs is high, the EX-OR gate’s output will also be high.
NAND gate:
The NAND gate is a digital logic gate with ‘n’ inputs and one output that performs the AND gate operation followed by the NOT gate function. The AND and NOT gates are combined to create the NAND gate. The output of the NAND gate will be low if the gate’s input is high.
NOR gate:
The NOR gate is a digital logic gate with n inputs and one output that executes the OR and NOT operations in sequence. The OR and NOT gates are combined to create the NOR gate. When either of the NOR gate’s inputs is true, the output of the NOR gate will be false.
XNOR gate:
The Exclusive-NOR gate is a two-input, one-output digital logic gate. Ex-NOR is the abbreviation for this gate. It functions based on the NOR gate’s functionality. When both of this gate’s inputs are high, the EX-NOR gate’s output is also high. The output will be low if any of the inputs is high (but not both).
NOT gate:
The NOT gate is a one-input, one-output digital logic gate that performs an inverter operation on the input. The NOT gate’s output is the inverse of its input. The output of the NOT gate will be false if the input is true, and vice versa.
Conclusion:
To execute fundamental logical functions, basic logic gates are used. These are the fundamental components of digital integrated circuits (integrated circuits). The majority of logic gates have two binary inputs and produce a single output, such as 1 or 0. Few logic gates are employed in some electronic circuits, whereas microprocessors contain millions of logic gates in others.
Diodes, transistors, relays, molecules, and optics are examples of mechanical devices that can be used to build logic gates. As a result, basic logic gates are used in the same way as electronic circuits are.
