Resonance: Quality factor

The measured value of quality or ‘Q,’ of an inductive load or adjusted circuit is frequently used to anticipate how well the circuit would undertake in a resonator transmission line. The Q, also known as the quality factor, is a non-dimensional parameter that helps determine the damping inside the circuit. It also suggests the resonator’s frequency band in relation to its central wavelength.

Quality factor values are widely mentioned, which can be used to describe the effectiveness of an inductor, capacitor or adjusted circuit. Many RF tuned circuits or components use the Q or quality factor to demonstrate their effectiveness in a resonator or other type of tuned circuit.

Definition of Q- quality factor

A definition of quality factor is usually needed to get a more accurate understanding of what this quantity genuinely is. In electronic circuit boards, Q is calculated as the proportion of the energy contained in the resonant frequency to the energy provided per cycle. In order to sustain signal magnitude relatively steady at an intensity, energy is stored there as a constant over time.

It is also a measure of an inductor’s effectiveness and can be characterised as the proportion of its inductance to its resistance at a particular frequency. Resistance is the consequence of energy losses within circuit boards. Although this can occur anywhere in the circuit, the inductance is the most prevalent cause of resistance.

The sharpness of resonance:

The Q factor, which characterises how rapidly energy deteriorates in an electrical stimulus, is being used to define the sharpness of resonant frequency. The sharpness of resonance is determined by:

 Damping: The process by which the amplitude of vibrations is lowered.

• Amplitude: Maximum deflection of an occasion on a vibrating object evaluated from its equilibrium state is referred to as amplitude.

When the sharpness of resonance increases and decreases with damping, amplitude tends to increase and correspondingly the sharpness of resonance tends to decrease. 

Application of Q, Quality Factor :

The principle of Q, Quality Factor, was first conceived by an engineer named K. S. Johnson from the Engineering Department of Western Electric Company in the United States. He was trying to assess the quality and performance of numerous coils. During his investigations, he invented the notion of Q. He chose the letter Q because all other letters had already been chosen.

The concept of quality factor is appropriate in many fields of quantum physics and engineering. It is represented by the indication Q and is sometimes denoted as the Q factor.

Functioning of Q, Quality Factor:

The Q factor is a non-dimensional parameter that shows power loss within a resonance frequency element. This can range from a robotic pendulum to a component in a mechanical system, to an integrated device such as a resonator.

While the Q factor of a component is connected to losses, it is directly related to the channel capacity of a resonant frequency. This is in connection to its central wavelength. The Q symbolises wasted energy in regards to the quantity of energy entered into the system. As a result, the greater the Q, the more sluggish is the rate of power losses. Thus, fluctuations will decrease gradually, i.e., they will also have a minimum concentration of dampers and will operate for a longer period.

Conclusion:

In the above notes, we learn about the resonance: Quality factor, the application of Q, quality factor and the functioning of Q. These notes on resonance: Quality factor are very important for exams.

 The Q factor contrasts the stored energy per component cycle to the quantity of energy drained away per cycle. More power is absorbed when the Q factor is greater. The vibration damping of oscillations is monitored by the quality factor. If the Q factor becomes less than half, it is underdamped. The oscillation should last longer.