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JEE Main 2026 Preparation: Question Papers, Solutions, Mock Tests & Strategy Unacademy » JEE Study Material » Physics » Magnetic poles

Magnetic poles

In this article we learn about magnetic poles and earth’s magnetic poles. Magnetic poles are often found in pairs. We will also learn about its characteristics.

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 A bar magnet hanging in the magnetic field of the Earth orients on its own north–south. A north magnetic pole is the north-seeking pole of such a magnet, or any comparable pole. A south magnetic pole is the south-seeking pole, or any pole that is comparable to it. Various magnets’ dissimilar poles attract one another, while like poles repel each other.

As soon as 1750, an inverse square law was used to express the magnetic force between the poles of two long bar magnets. If the distance between adjacent poles is twice, for e.g., the magnetic force is reduced to one-fourth of its previous magnitude.

The magnetic pole is the greatest portion of the external magnetic field through each tip of a magnet. A magnetic monopole is a hypothetical subatomic particle that can be represented by the poles of a magnet..

  • The north magnetic pole of either the Earth is located where the north side of the compass points downwards.
  • It seems to be a south magnetic pole, with the compass’s south side pointing straight down.

The magnetic field of the Earth orients itself in a north-south direction when a bar magnet is restricted in it. A north magnetic pole is the north-seeking pole of such a magnet, or any comparable pole. A south magnetic pole is the south-seeking pole, or even any pole that is comparable to it. Various magnets’ unlike poles are meant to attract each other, whilst similar poles are considered to repel one another.

The magnetic poles can be easily visualised using a bar magnet. The poles of a magnet are the two ends of a permanent magnet. Curved lines with arrows are used to show the forces applied by a magnet. Magnetic field lines are all these lines of force, as well as the magnetic field that surrounds the magnet. The arrows on the lines indicate the direction of a magnetic force, which is from the magnet’s North Pole to its South Pole.
True magnetic poles have yet to be discovered in a laboratory, even though they are given for two reasons. First, the concept of magnetic pole magnetism, which is a recurrence of electrically charged magnetism, is far simpler than the formalism of electric current magnetism. (As a result, both massive magnets used in magnetic resonance imaging and particle accelerators, as well as minuscule magnetic particles used in magnetic storage tape and computer hard drives, are designed using the magnetic pole theory.) 

In traditional PM motors, the magnetic poles are stable in one position, and the rotational speed is proportional to the frequency. Magnetic poles in a WPM are more flexible because the machine uses a specific coil to “imprint” poles onto a ring of magnetic material linked to the spinning rotor. This coil works similarly to a tape recorder, except that, besides a tape recorder, which is meant to erase and record sound just once in a while, the Written-Pole coil writes and eliminates the magnetic poles at line frequency at initialization. The overlapping magnetic poles force the rotor forward, increasing its speed with each rotation until the motor reaches its maximum design speed.

A magnetic pole is a place in which the magnetic force is focused and highest at each edge of a magnetic field.

A bar magnet, like the sort you presumably saw in a science lesson in school, is the best way to see the poles of a magnet. Since its magnetic properties are consistent, this sort of magnet is known as a permanent magnet. Poles are the two ends of a permanent magnet. Magnetic field lines are curving lines with arrows that illustrate the magnetic field surrounding the magnet and the force it produces. Since magnetic force has a direction, from the North pole to the South pole of the magnet, the directions are required.

Characteristics of magnetic poles:

“Poles” refer to the magnetically strong portions of magnets. When more than one magnet pole is present, they resist, pull, or stimulate each other. Similar poles oppose each other, but opposite poles generally attract each other..

Earth’s Magnetic Poles

Even with its fluctuation, the simplest method to simulate the shape and behaviour of Earth’s magnetic field is to imagine it is generated by a bar magnet within the globe. The North magnetic pole and also the South magnetic pole are points on the earth’s surface that indicate the field’s different ends (albeit they are not quite opposed due to the field’s imbalance).

Both magnetic poles are not positioned at the geographic poles, which seem to be locations on the surface defining the position of the planet’s rotational axis, because although the dynamo currents produce a field that still does line up also with earth’s axis of rotation (90 degrees north & south latitude).

The magnetic poles are locations on the earth’s surface in which the magnetic field force acts perpendicular to the axis. The magnetic field acts straight back down at the North magnetic pole and straight up at the South magnetic pole.

Magnetic poles always exist in pairs

Magnetic poles are always found in pairs. It is impossible to separate a magnet’s two poles. When a bar magnet is broken in half, each half is discovered to be a magnet. Each component has the ability to attract tiny iron fragments. When reprimanded in such a way that it can swing freely, each section rests in the north-south direction. This demonstrates that at the shattered ends, new poles are created. Even if these components are repeatedly shattered, each part would still be discovered to be a full magnet. Both poles are present in each component (N pole and S pole). As a result, a magnet’s two poles occur at the same time.

Conclusion:

A bar magnet, like the sort you may have seen in a science lesson in school, is the best way to see the poles of a magnet. Because its magnetic properties are consistent, this sort of magnet is known as a permanent magnet. Poles are the two ends of a permanent magnet. Magnetic field lines are curving lines with arrows that illustrate the magnetic field encompassing the magnet and the force it produces. Although magnetic force has a path, from the North pole to the South pole of the magnet, the arrows are required.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Get answers to the most common queries related to the JEE Examination Preparation.

What are the magnetic poles used for?

The magnetic poles are the points on the surface where force lines are oriented either down and up. The axis of a hy...Read full

How can you figure out which way the poles are pointing?

Unless the magnets are labelled “N” or “S,” the poles are identical. The following are a few...Read full

What causes metal to stick to magnet poles?

Whenever the north pole of a magnet is kept close to the south pole of the magnet, the north pole is drawn to the so...Read full

Howlong can a magnet keep its magnetic properties?

If we’re talking about permanent magnets, they’re preserved and used in perfect working order. This will...Read full

The magnetic poles are the points on the surface where force lines are oriented either down and up. The axis of a hypothesised bar magnet being used to estimate the field form is the geomagnetic poles.

Unless the magnets are labelled “N” or “S,” the poles are identical. The following are a few methods for determining which is which:

  • One may simply detect which is the North and South Pole by placing the magnet near the compass.
  • Protruding the magnet from a string is another approach to determine its orientation. When you dangle a magnet, it will immediately change such that one pole points north and the other points south, which is why they are called “north” & “south” poles.

Whenever the north pole of a magnet is kept close to the south pole of the magnet, the north pole is drawn to the south pole. When a north pole comes into contact with another north pole, it pulls away, and the same is true when it comes close to a metal.

If we’re talking about permanent magnets, they’re preserved and used in perfect working order. This will retain its magnetic properties for many years.

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