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JEE Main 2026 Preparation: Question Papers, Solutions, Mock Tests & Strategy Unacademy » JEE Study Material » Mathematics » Proper fractions

Proper fractions

The term "proper fraction" refers to when the numerator of a fraction is less than the denominator of a fraction. As a result, for appropriate fractions, the denominators will always be greater than the numerators.

Table of Content
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When the following conditions are met, fractions are referred to as Proper Fractions:

Numerator Denominator is a mathematical expression.

The numerator is greater than the denominator.

(Or)

The denominator is greater than the numerator.

Continue reading to learn the definitions of a fraction, denominator, and numerator, and to see an example of each. This will assist you in comprehending the exact concept of appropriate fractions in more detail.

When you want to describe a portion of a larger whole, you use the term Fraction.

  • The denominator of a fraction is the number at the bottom of the fraction that represents the number of equal pieces into which the whole is divided.

  • Numerator – The numerator of a fraction is the number that appears at the top of the fraction and represents the number of pieces that are being considered.

Example

For example, in the fraction 5/6, it indicates that “5 of 6 equal pieces” are present. The numerator of this equation is 5, while the denominator of this equation is 6.

An illustration of a proper fraction is as follows:

where 3 is a numerator that is less than the denominator of 5, which is 5.

Example of a proper fraction

Here are a few more proper fraction examples:

½ , ⅘  etc  

So, in essence, it is a method of dividing or cutting any object into smaller pieces. Consider the following example: if you divide a bar of chocolate into two equal portions, the result is referred to as two halfs.

It can be expressed mathematically by the expression

This type of phrase is referred to as a Fraction. You can cut the chocolate bar into additional pieces if you want to.

To understand appropriate fractions, we must first understand what fractions are in the first place. Fractions can be thought of as subsets of a larger whole. Let’s say we divide the cake into four pieces, each of which can be stated as a fraction of one-fourth, or one-fourth of the total cake, as follows: 14% of the entire cake. Similarly, 2 pieces would be 2/4 or 1/12 of a serving. There are two types of numerators in this equation: the number of parts or sections, and the total equal number of parts that the whole is divided into, which is termed the denominator. Proper fractions are fractions in which the numerator is less than the denominator, as defined previously.

Fraction Notation is a type of notation used to represent fractions.

A fraction is made up of two parts

  • Numerator – The numerator of a fraction is the number that appears at the top of the fraction. It indicates the number of pieces we are evaluating as a percentage of the entire.

  • Denominator – The denominator of a fraction is represented by the lowest number in the fraction. In this case, the number of equal parts that are divided into a whole is shown.

12 is one example of this.

In the above example, 1 is regarded as the numerator of the fraction, and 2 is regarded as the denominator of the fraction.

What is the definition of a proper fraction?

An appropriate fraction is a fraction that has a smaller numerator than its denominator when compared to the whole number. It is referred to as a correct fraction since it adheres to the definition of a fraction and fulfils the need for a fraction in the proper manner. As an example, let us consider how they differ from improper fractions in order to better comprehend this.

The term “improper fraction” refers to fractions in which the denominator is less than the numerator. Using the definition of fractions as a guide, we can see that if the denominator of a fraction is smaller than its numerator, the total value will be more than 1, which makes things more complicated. Remember that if a fraction is bigger than one, the fraction can be divided into two parts: a whole number portion and a fractional portion (see the example below). For example, 5/2 denotes two and a half, which can be written as 212, which is referred to as a mixed number in mathematics. As a result, 5/2 is made up of two whole parts and half of another whole part, as seen below. In this case, 5/2 is considered unsuitable because it may be expressed correctly as both a whole integer and a proper fraction (12%) without being wrong.

Illustrations of Appropriate Fractions

The fraction 4 out of 6 equal pizza slices is an example of a suitable fraction since the fraction can be represented as 4/6 or 2/3, in which the numerator is smaller than the denominator, respectively.

A correct fraction can be represented by 80 points out of 100 points in a test, where the number of points earned is fewer than the total number of points awarded. In its simplest form, the fraction can be stated as 80/100, and in its simplest reduced form, as 45.

Having three students out of twenty students in a group can be an example of a correct fraction, because the number of students in consideration (3) is less than the number of students in the group overall (20). The fraction is represented by the number 3/20.

A correct fraction, such as 110 pages out of 530 pages in a book, can be stated as 110/530 or 11/53, depending on the context. In this case, the number of pages under consideration is less than the total number of pages in the book, which means that the numerator is less than the denominator in this case.

Conclusion

In the case of a fraction that is merely a fraction, without a whole number included, properly formed fractions can be deemed the acceptable approach to write it. If a sum is greater than one, proper fractions are used in conjunction with whole numbers to indicate that the sum is greater than one.

faq

Frequently asked questions

Get answers to the most common queries related to the JEE Examination Preparation.

What is the appropriate fraction to use? Give two specific examples.

Ans. When the value of the numerator is smaller than the value of the denominator, a fraction is said to be a correc...Read full

When it comes to appropriate fractions, what will be the simplified value?

Ans. Whenever a proper fraction has a simplified value, it is always less than one.

 

Is 1/8 of a decimal a legitimate fraction?

Ans. Yes, 1/8 is a correct fraction since the numerator, 1, is less than the denominator, 8, and the numerator, 1, i...Read full

Is the fraction 4/4 a proper fraction?

Ans. Four times four is not a valid fraction since the value of four four is one and we know that all appropriate fr...Read full

Is 5/3 a correct fraction to use?

Ans. No, 5/3 is not a proper fraction, but it is an improper fraction, which is why it is incorrect. In this case, t...Read full

Ans. When the value of the numerator is smaller than the value of the denominator, a fraction is said to be a correct fraction. Proper fractions include the following numbers: 9/17, 2/7, 1/6, 3/14, and more.

Ans. Whenever a proper fraction has a simplified value, it is always less than one.

 

Ans. Yes, 1/8 is a correct fraction since the numerator, 1, is less than the denominator, 8, and the numerator, 1, is less than the denominator, 8.

Ans. Four times four is not a valid fraction since the value of four four is one and we know that all appropriate fractions are smaller than one.

 

Ans. No, 5/3 is not a proper fraction, but it is an improper fraction, which is why it is incorrect. In this case, the numerator, 5, is not less than the denominator, 3, and vice versa.

 

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