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Introduction
In statistics, the central tendency measure is defined as the number that is used to represent the center or middle of a collection of data values. The mean, the median, and the mode are the three most widely used metrics of central tendency. The measure of dispersion is a statistic that shows us how the values of the data are distributed or spread out across the data set.
Central tendency
A measure of central tendency is a single number that attempts to characterise a set of data by finding the central location in that set of data (or central tendency index). As a result, central tendency assessments are also referred to as measures of central location. Statistical summaries are also known as descriptive summaries. In addition, the median and the mode are two more measures of central tendency that should be taken into account. Consider the mean (often referred to as the average), which is the most popular central tendency measure. All three central tendency measures (mean, median and mode) can be used to determine central tendency; however, some measures of central tendency are better than others in certain situations.
Measures of Central Tendency are as follows:
In general, the central tendency of a dataset can be defined by the measurements listed below:
The mean (or average) of a dataset is represented as the sum of all values in the dataset divided by the total number of values in the dataset.
The median value in a dataset that is arranged in ascending order is the midway value in the dataset (from the smallest value to the largest value). Whenever a dataset contains an even number of variables, the median of the dataset is the mean of the two middle values, as shown in the table below.
Mode: This term refers to the value that appears the most frequently in a dataset. The presence of several modes in a dataset is possible in some instances, while the absence of any mode is possible in others.
Mean
The mean (sometimes referred to as the average) is the most often used and well-known statistician’s measure of central tendency. Although the technique is applicable to both discrete and continuous data, it is most typically used with continuous data (see our Types of Variable guide for data types). It is defined as the sum of all values in a data collection divided by the data set’s total number of values (in this case, the mean).Formula to calculate mean –
Median
In a sorted list of numbers, the median is the number in the middle. If you want to find out what the median value is in a sequence of numbers, you first need to sort or arrange the numbers in value order from lowest to highest or highest to lowest. When determining an estimated average or mean, the median can be utilized, but it should not be confused with the real average or mean. It is the number that is in the middle of a group of numbers with the same number of numbers below and above it that is considered the median value when there is an odd number of numbers.
To obtain the median value for a list of numbers with an even number of numbers, the middle pair must be determined, added together, then divided by two to arrive at the median value.
Mode
In statistics, data can be dispersed in a variety of ways depending on the situation. The traditional normal (bell-curve) distribution is the most frequently referenced of all the distributions. According to this and certain other distributions, the mean (average) value is located at the midpoint, which is also the place at which the highest frequency of observed values is observed. The mean, median, and mode of a normal distribution all have the same value in this case. In other words, this number is the average value, the middle value, and also the mode, which is the value that appears the most frequently in the data.
Conclusion
In statistics, the central tendency measure is defined as the number used to represent the centre or middle of a collection of data values. Measures of central tendency are also referred to as measures of the central location in some cases. The mean, the median and the mode are all acceptable measures of central tendency. As a result, measurements of central tendency are also referred to as measures of the central location in some cases.
