Profile
Settings
Refer your friends
Sign out
Have you ever experienced a burning sensation in your stomach after consuming an excessive amount of spicy food? This is caused by the production of acid in the stomach.. This problem can be resolved by consuming an antacid, which has the effect of neutralising the acid’s effect, and this response is referred to as the neutralisation reaction.
What is Neutralisation and how does it work?
An acid-base reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base, resulting in the formation of salt and water. The pH of the neutralised solution is determined by the acid strength of the reactants and the quantities of the reactants in the solution. The neutralising reaction can be best described as follows:
Neutralisation Reaction: Acid + Base = Salt + Water Neutralisation Reaction
Because of the reaction between a strong acid and a strong base, the resulting salt has neither an acidic nor a basic character, resulting in the term “neutral.” A strong acid combines with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (HCl), and the resultant salt is sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (HCl).
NaCl + H2O is formed by the reaction of HCl and NaOH.
In the presence of a strong acid and a weak base, the resulting salt has an acidic pH in nature. For example, Fe(NO3)3 is an acidic salt that is generated as a result of the neutralisation of iron(III) hydroxide (a weak base) with nitric acid after it has been exposed to air (strong acid)
Fe(OH)3 + 3HNO3→ Fe(NO3)3 +3H2O
In the same way, when a strong base combines with a mild acid, the resulting salt is fundamentally basic in nature. For example, the acid-base reaction between potassium hydroxide (a strong base) and hydrogen carbonate (a weak base) results in the formation of K2CO3 (weak acid).
K2CO3 + 2H2O = H2CO3 + 2KOH + 2H2O
The incomplete ionisation of the acid and base occurs when a weak acid and weak base react with one other, resulting in partial neutralisation rather than total neutralisation.
Conclusion
A neutralisation reaction occurs when an acid and a base combine to make water and a salt. It is characterised by the formation of water by the interaction of H+ ions and OH- ions. It takes 7 pH to neutralise the effects of a strong acid and strong base. The pH of a solution formed by the neutralisation of a strong acid and a weak base will be less than 7, while the pH of a solution formed by the neutralisation of a weak acid and a strong base will be larger than 7.
In order for a solution to be neutralised, equal weights of acid and base must be present in the solution for salts to form. In this case, the amount of acid required is the amount that would yield one mole of protons and the amount of base required is the amount that would yield one mole of protons . Because salts are generated as a result of neutralisation reactions involving equal weight concentrations of acids and bases, N parts of acid will always neutralise N parts of base in a neutralisation reaction.
