Environmental Studies

Environmental Studies

Environment is defined as the surrounding in which we reside. Environment involves those things upon which we are dependent either directly or indirectly to survive. Environment can include living things such as plants or animals as well as non-living things such as water, soil or even air.

Environmental studies refer to the scientific study about the environmental system. Environmental studies include study of physical as well as biological features that are a part of the environment. Along with this, environmental studies also include cultural as well as social factors that affect the environment.

As per the UNESCO, the purpose of the environmental studies is :

1. To establish awareness about the issues related to the environment.
2. To impart fundamental information regarding the environment and its related problems.
3. To encourage the public to take part in activities related to the protection of the environment.
4. To develop and maintain an attitude possessing concern towards the environment.
5. To learn skills to aid those individuals who are concerned about the environment in recognising and solving issues related to the environment.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Q.1 What is the correct order of the 3R principle?

1. 1. Recycle, Reuse, Reduce
   2. Reuse, Reduce, Recycle
   3. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
   4. None of the above

Correct Answer : 3. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

The 3R principle mentions three concepts that are Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. These three methods are considered as the proper ways to dispose of waste. These methods don’t affect the environment in a harmful way and can be easily adopted by everyone.

Q.2 In which of the given year does the amendment of the Forest Conservation Act take place?

1. 1. 1976
   2. 1988
   3. 1980
   4. 1971

Correct Answer : 2. 1988

The amendment of the Forest Conservation Act took place in 1988. The Forest Conservation Act was amended to design as well as protect the Reserve forests for the utilization of Government.

Q.3 Hepatitis A is what kind of disease?

1. 1. Food contamination 
   2. Water-borne disease 
   3. Air-borne disease 
   4. Both (A.) and (B.) 

Correct Answer : 4. Both (A.) and (B.) 

Generally, Hepatitis A is caused through the contamination of food as well as water. The contamination is usually through agricultural waste, urban sewage, chemical waste, etc. 

Q.4 Mention the category that is the worst sufferer of destruction of environment :

1. 1. Moderate class
   2. Rich
   3. Poor 
   4. All of the above 

Correct Answer : 3. Poor

The worst category that suffers through the destruction of the environment is the poor. There are multiple reasons behind this such as scarcity of food resources, lack of fuel-wood, overcrowded urban regions and more. These reasons also lead to a rise in risks of diseases among the poor individuals. 

Q.5 Name the most frequent as well as naturally happening disaster. 

1. 1. Earthquake
   2. Flood
   3. Tsunami 
   4. None of the above 

Correct Answer : 2. Flood

Floods are one of the most frequent as well as naturally happening disasters across the nation. The arrival of flood takes place due to the irregularities in the monsoon season in numerous sections of the nation.

Q.6 How many Biodiversity hotspots exist in the world?

1. 1. 34
   2. 30
   3. 35
   4. 36

Correct Answer : 4. 36

There are 36 biodiversity hotspots in the World. The hotpots display the count of the endemic species that exist in a specific hotspot.

Q.7 State the name of the drug that is associated with the plant source of coffee or tea.

1. 1. Camphor
   2. Opium Poppy
   3. Caffeine
   4. Thorn Apple

Correct Answer : 3. Caffeine

The coffee or tea consists of the drug caffeine. Caffeine consists of several advantages like enhanced functioning of the brain, improved memory, etc.

Q.8 Name the day that is celebrated as the World Environment Day.

1. 1. June 5th
   2. June 6th
   3. June 8th
   4. June 10th

Correct Answer : 1. June 5th

World Environment Day is celebrated on June 5th every year. The major objective of celebrating environment day is to remind the individuals to be aware to conserve the environment.

Q.9 What factors are considered as the causes of eutrophication?

1. 1. Increment in plant nutrients
   2. Using fertilizers excessively
   3. Both (A) and (B)
   4. None of the above

Correct Answer : 3. Both (A) and (B)

The major causes of eutrophication are increment in plant nutrients by using the fertilizers in an excessive manner. These nutrients tend to increase the underwater vegetation in aquatic ecological environments. Further, this results in destruction of the natural environment that is beneath it.

Q.10 What would happen to the Earth in the absence of ants?

1. 1. Destruction of life
   2. Little impact
   3. Reduction in termites
   4. No effect

Correct Answer : 1. Destruction of life

In the absence of the ants, the population of termites will rise. Ants are known to introduce air into the soil that permits the water as well as oxygen to reach the roots located in the soil. Therefore, life would get destroyed on the earth in the absence of the ants.

Q.11 Which activity can tend to lower the water table?

1. 1. Overgrazing
   2. Human population growth
   3. Soil erosion
   4. Over extraction of groundwater

Correct Answer : 4. Over extraction of groundwater

Over extraction of groundwater is defined as the withdrawal of excessive amounts of water by using tube wells. This can result in lowering the water table. Also, this can result in the creation of a dry environment. A water table refers to the region between the surface of the soil along with the rock sediments.

Q.12 Jowar as well as Bajra grows in regions having-

1. 1. High amount of moisture
   2. Low amount of moisture
   3. No moisture
   4. None of the above

Correct Answer : 2. Low amount of moisture

Jawra and Bajra grow in those regions that contain low amounts of moisture.

Q.13 What’s the reason behind the blue color of the sky?

1. 1. The water vapor is present 
   2. The sunlight gets scattered due to the air molecules 
   3. The blue light gets absorbed by the air
   4. The blue light is emitted through the atmosphere

Correct Answer : 2. The sunlight gets scattered due to the air molecules

A clear sky is usually blue in color. The main reason behind this concept is that the molecules that exist in the air tend to scatter blue light rather than the red color light.

Q.14 What is the cause of the soil pollution?

1. 1. Acid rain
   2. Ozone
   3. Aerosol
   4. None of the above

Correct Answer : 1. Acid rain

Soil pollution is caused due to the existence of xenobiotics (human-made) chemicals or other changes within the natural environment of the soul.

Q.15 Why are radiations harmful?

1. 1. Radiations leads to skin cancer
   2. Radiations cause anemia
   3. Radiations changes body tissues
   4. Radiations are not stable

Correct Answer : Radiations leads to skin cancer

When a radioactive substance sends off particles that tend to get inside the body of a human being and leads to harm, it is referred to as radiation.

Q.16 Name the instrument that is used to measure temperature, pressure as well as humidity at numerous altitudes within the atmosphere.

1. 1. Altimeter
   2. Barograph
   3. Radiosonde
   4. Aneroid Barometer

Correct Answer : 3. Radiosonde

The radiosonde is an instrument that it used to measure temperature, pressure as well as humidity at numerous altitudes within the atmosphere.

Q.17 Name the sea that is commonly referred to as an oceanic desert.

1. 1. Sargasso Sea
   2. Red Sea
   3. Sea of Japan
   4. Arabian Sea

Correct Answer : 1. Sargasso Sea

The Sargasso Sea is usually referred to as an oceanic desert. This is because the sea is still as well as consists of seaweeds upon the surface 

Q.18 Name the gas that is vital in maintaining atmospheric temperature.

1. 1. Oxygen
   2. Carbon Dioxide
   3. Nitrogen
   4. None of the above

Correct Answer : 2. Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a vital greenhouse gas that aids in trapping heat within the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is responsible for maintaining temperature in the atmosphere.

Q.19 Who discovered the term ‘ecosystem’?

1. Odum
2. Elton
3. Arthur G Tansley
4. Clements

Correct Answer : 3. Arthur G Tansley

Arthur G Tansley was the first person who discovered the term ‘ecosystem’ in 1935. Ecosystem is defined as a biological community that consists of organisms as well as their specific physical atmosphere that tend to interact with each other. 

Q.20 All species on earth with each other along with their respective environments collectively constitute :

1. 1. Biosphere
   2. Atmosphere
   3. Hydrosphere
   4. Lithosphere

Correct Answer : 1. Biosphere

Biosphere is defined as the group of microorganisms, plants as well as animals that interact with each other along with their specific environment. Therefore, all species on earth with each other along with their respective environments collectively constitute Biosphere.