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An electric current describes the uninterrupted flow of electrons across an electric circuit. When a potential difference is provided across the wire or terminal, electrons travel because of this difference.
The pace at which an electric charge changes as it moves across a circuit is known as the electric current. This current has some kind of connection to the circuit’s voltage and its resistance. It is denoted by the letter I and the unit of measurement for it is the ampere.
Formula for Current
Ohm’s law served as the basis for the current formula. Ohm’s law states that the ratio of the potential difference to the resistance is directly proportional to the amount of current. In light of this, the formula that we use now is as follows:
I = V/R
where,
I symbolize the current and measure it in amps.
The voltage differential is denoted by the letter V.
The resistance, denoted by R, is measured in Ohms .
Importance of Current law
Current law is based upon Ohm’s law. It has various applications, as mentioned below:
- Power calculations are also a lot easier due to the usage of Ohm’s law.
- Ohm’s law connects electrical components to maintain the desired voltage drop.
- Ohm’s law governs the operation of electric heaters, kettles, and other appliances.
- Ohm’s law governs the functioning and operating principle for laptops and mobile devices.
Solved Examples
- The total current flowing in an electric circuit is 30 Amp, whereas the resistance of the wires is 10Ohm. Using the current formula, find the potential difference.
Solution:
To find the potential difference:
Given:
I = 30 A, R = 10Ω
Using Current formula
I = V/R
30 = V/10
V = 30 × 10
V = 300
Hence, Potential difference is 300 V.
- The potential difference in an electric circuit is 16 V, and the current value is 8 Amp, respectively. Using the current formula, find the resistance of the circuit.
Solution:
To find the resistance(R) of the circuit:
Given:
V = 16V, I = 8 Amp
Using Current formula
R = V/I
R = 16/8
R = 2Ω
Answer: The resistance of the circuit is 2Ω.
