CELL CYCLE

In Eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle generally contains four stages named G1, S, G2, and M. To move from one phase to the next, the cell undergoes various checkpoints before entering a new phase. S phase is generally abbreviated as the synthesis event or phase and it has a significant role in the cell life cycle. In the synthesis phase the cell duplicates its DNA content. Therefore two events or stages of the cell life cycle known as gap phases which play a significant role in the cell’s life cycle. 

What is the cell cycle?

The cell cycle implies some essential steps a cell undergoes for preparing it for the cell division process. Before cell division, a cell undergoes various important steps for preparing it for further division process. Gap phases such as G1 and G2 renders a significant role in the cell cycle and various checkpoints exist in cell cycles which prepare the cell for entering its next steps. Apart from G1 and G2 phases, there are some other phases in the cell cycle named the M phase and synthesis phase. 

What are the stages of the cell life cycle?

In Eukaryotic cells, stages of the cell life cycle include mitotic phase and Interphase. During the events or occurrence of interphase of the cell cycle, it duplicates its DNA content and prepares it for further cell division process. In this interphase of the cell and its life cycle, the growth of the cell is observed and it makes its DNA copy. On the other hand in the mitotic phase separation of DNA into two sets is done and cytoplasmic division also occurs which forms two new cells. Interphase consists of three steps known as G1 Phase, G2 phase and S phase. 

What are the roles of various phases in the cell cycle?

The cell cycle generally poses various stages and each stage has a decisive role in the cell life cycle. The cell cycle occupies four stages as G1, S, G2and M phase. In the G1 phase or first gap phase of the cell cycle, increment of cell size is observed and various cellular content within the cell is also duplicated during the G1or first gap Phase. After the G1 phase cell goes to the S phase which is an abbreviation of the synthesis phase. In the synthesis events of the cell life cycle, DNA replication took place inside the cell. In addition to this microtubule forming structure also duplicated during this phase. 

 After the S or synthesis phase, the next important phase of the cell life cycle is the second gap phase which is abbreviated as the G2 phase. In this second gap phase, more growth happens to cells and it makes diverse proteins and organelle. After the end of the second gap phase, the cell enters into the mitotic phase for further cell division. Another important phase or events of the cell life cycle is the mitotic phase where both nuclear, as well as cytoplasmic division, took place. In eukaryotes, the M phase consists of two phases such as cytokinesis and mitosis. Another important cell cycle stage is the G0 stage which is a permanent stage in the life cycle of cells. 

Role of various checkpoints in the life cycle of cell

In the cell cycle, various checkpoints exist which play a decisive role in the life cycle of the cell. Before entering into the next steps cells pass through various checkpoints. Specialised protein in every checkpoint determines whether requirements exist or not. In absence of a necessary connection, progression of the cell cycle halts and therefore checkpoints play a decisive role in the life cycle of the cell. If any misconfigurations exist in the proper DNA replication process and the necessity of DNA repair is observed then the cell pauses at this point and therefore checkpoint in the cell life cycle plays an indispensable and significant role in the life cycle of the cell. 

Conclusion

We have reached the concluding portion of this article. The cell life cycle is an indispensible or significant part of the cell division process and various important events of the cell and its cycle prepare it for the further divisional process of the cell life cycle. The cell and its cycle occupy four steps and various checkpoints exist in the cell cycle.