Introduction 

“Solar energy” is considered one of the most effective and reliable sources of renewable energy resources. Based on the current environment perspectives there is a huge need for transformation from traditional non-renewable sources of energy to renewable resources. “Solar energy” has several major advantages over traditional energy resources such as it is free from pollution and there is no chance of emission of greenhouse gases. In addition to this, it is too cost-effective energy resources and there is a chance to return back on a definite investment.

Types of solar energy

There are mainly five types of “Solar energy”. Those are mentioned in the following briefly-

Photovoltaic solar energy: It is considered a major important type of “Solar energy” that comprises a large number of solar cells. Those solar cells construct a unique PV panel that assists in producing direct current which converts into alternating current.

Concentrated solar energy: Concentrated Solar Energy reflects a most utilised type of “solar energy” that has been shown in those countries where a high level of sunshine has appeared. Due to this reason, this specific type of solar energy is called concentrated solar energy.

Water heating solar energy: This is an innovative type of solar power that is utilised to heat water. Black colour has been painted on the tank that comprises the water.

Solar pool heating: It is also important as Photovoltaic panels which contain heat conductors are used to accumulate heat from sunlight and convert this heat into solar power.

Thermal solar energy: It uses the heat from the sun and transforms it into electricity. A unique liquid has flowed through tubes and accumulated solar power.

Application of solar energy

There are some innovative applications of solar energy such as-

Solar fabrics: solar panels are now used in the fabric of clothing for keeping warmer. Diverse solar filaments which have embedded into clothes, specifically winter clothing help keep oneself warmer, charge phones and provide energy for other perspectives. 

Solar skin: it is also an innovative mechanism through which imprinted custom images can be created. It utilises “selective light filtration” through which a vibrant image can be displayed. Several attractive business logos, advertisements can easily be offered by using this technology.

Solar roads: These unique roads comprise the ability for generating clean energy and illumination has been obtained at night. During the month of winter, it also helps melt ice and snow. Other innovative examples include “floating solar farms”, “ Pv solar noise barriers” and others.

Advantages and disadvantages of solar energy

Important advantages of “use of solar energy”-

• “Use of solar energy” promotes building up a pollution-free environment.
• “Use of solar energy” also declines the environmental threat of greenhouse gas emission.
• Dependence on fossil fuel can be reduced at a significant amount with the “use of solar energy”
• Cost-effective as well as safer than any traditional energy resources.

Disadvantages include-

• A high need for a battery bank as this energy cannot be obtained at night. 
• A huge cost is needed at the time of initial installation.
• Energy production may vary based on seasonal changes.

Solar system projects

“Solar system projects” have been developed to promote renewable energy sources in the place of traditional sources which is limiting day by day. According to the “Electricity Act, 2003” solar energy is considered as one of the major renewable sources for electricity generation. In this act, mandatory procurement of various renewable resources is obtained. Legislation regarding licence distribution is also explained in this act clearly. In addition to this, the facilitation of “grid connectivity” is also indulged through this legislation. Strict maintenance and governance of this solar energy are provided through a definite ministry of India called “Ministry of New and Renewable energy”

Conclusion

It can be concluded that solar energy is considered as one of the important reliable sources of renewable energy that comprise a low cost and also ensure a pollution-free environment. In addition to this, several innovative applications on solar power promote the community to depend on this resource rather than traditional technologies such as fossil fuel that comprise a huge threat of greenhouse gas emission. Thus, it can be stated that the Government must invest more money in Solar system projects to make this country a good example of clean energy production.