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India is located in South Asia. It boasts the world’s second-largest population. India is the world’s seventh-largest country in terms of land area. It is located on the Indian Plate, which is a part of the Indo-Australian Plate in the north. Three separate bodies of water surround the Indian subcontinent. On a globe map, it is immediately identifiable. This is India’s geographical backdrop.

India covers around 3.28 million square kilometres. Between 8°4′ and 37°6′ N latitude and 68°7′ and 97°25′ E longitude, India’s landmass is located. The Cancer Tropic (23°30′ N) splits India into nearly two parts. In addition, the shoreline stretches over 7,517 kilometres. The Indian subcontinent tapers southwards, dividing the Indian Ocean into two water basins. The Bay of Bengal and also the Arabian Sea are their names.

MCQ’s

  1. Which one of the following geographical terms refers to the “water-surrounded sliver of sub-continental land”?
    1. Peninsula 
    2. the Gulf of Mexico
    3. Strait 
    4. Island 

D is the answer.

Explanation: An island is a phrase that refers to a “piece of sub-continental land surrounded by sea.”

  1. Which one of the following geographical terms describes a body of land that is bordered on three sides by water?
    1. Peninsula
    2. Gulf
    3. Strait
    4. Island

A is the answer.

Explanation: Water surrounds the Peninsula on three sides. They are generated by a steady increase in the water level that surrounds low-elevation terrain.

  1. A naturally produced, narrow, often navigable canal that links two bigger bodies of water is referred to as which of the below geographical terms?
    1. Peninsula
    2. Gulf
    3. Strait
    4. Island

Ans: C

Explanation: A strait is a geographical word that refers to a short, naturally created canal that links two bigger bodies of water.

4. Which one of the following best describes the term “archipelago”?

    1. A shallow lagoon surrounded by a circular coral reef.
    2. A group of islands or a series of islands.
    3. The earth’s plant and animal life.
    4. None of the preceding

B is the answer.

An ‘archipelago’ is a group of islands that are tightly spaced in a body of water. The term “island group” or “island chain” is also used.

5. Which one of the following is the world’s biggest archipelago?

    1. Island of Andaman and Nicobar
    2. Malaysia 
    3. Indonesia
    4. Maldives

C is the answer.

Explanation: Indonesia is the world’s biggest archipelago.

  1. Which one of the following is the biggest peninsula on the planet?

India,

    1. India
    2. South Africa
    3. Arabia
    4. Both A & B

C is the answer.

Arabia is the world’s biggest peninsula, as explained above. It covers 1,250,006 square miles and contains five main cities. The Persian Gulf, the Arabian Gulf, and the Red Sea encircle it on all sides, connecting the continental Asian continent.

  1. Which one of the following passes connects Manali and Leh by road and cuts across the Pir Panjal range?
    1. Rohtas Pass
    2. Mana Pass
    3. Niti Pass
    4. Nathula Pass

A is the answer.

Explanation: Rohtas Pass is a route that runs over the Pir Panjal range and connects Manali and Leh.

  1. The Indus River carved out which one of the following passes?
    1. Rohtas Pass
    2. Nathula Pass
    3. Baralacha La Pass
    4. Banihal Pass

D is the answer.

The Indus River carved Banihal Pass out of the landscape. It is a narrow pass created by a water body between two mountains. It is found in Jammu and Kashmir’s Pir Panjal mountains.

  1. Which passes provide access to the Kailash-Manasarovar land route?
    1. Mana Pass
    2. Rohtas Pass
    3. Nathula Pass
    4. Baralacha La Pass

A is the answer

Explanation: Mana Pass is a land connection between Kailash and Manasarovar.

  1. Which of these passes connects Srinagar and Leh?
    1. Mana Pass
    2. Rohtas Pass
    3. Nathula Pass
    4. Zoji La Pass

D is the answer.

The Zoji La Pass connects Srinagar with Leh.

  1. The gold mining towns of Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie are located in:
    1. Australia
    2. THE USA
    3. England
    4. South Africa

Option A is the answer. 

Kalgoorlie-Boulder, sometimes known as just Kalgoorlie, is a city in Western Australia’s Goldfields-Esperance area, located 595 kilometres (370 miles) east-northeast of Perth near the end of the Room Eastern Highway.

  1. Tadoba National Park, home to tigers, panthers, and bears, is found in:
    1. Assam
    2. Chandrapur (Maharashtra)
    3. Karnataka
    4. Tamil Nadu

Option B is the correct answer.

Explanation: The Tadoba Andhari National Park is located in Maharashtra’s Chandrapur district and is home to roughly 43 tigers. The tiger reserve is one of India’s fifty tiger reserves, and it is also the state’s oldest and largest national park. The name of the national park was derived from the name of the indigenous tribes’ God, “Tadoba,” and Andhari seems to be the name of the river that runs through the forest.

  1. In geography, who was the first to propose the convectional current hypothesis?
    1. Arthur Holmes
    2. Carl Ritter
    3. Arnaldo Faustini
    4. Immanuel Kant

Option A is the correct answer.

In the years 1928–29, Arthur Holmes proposed the convection current hypothesis. Continental drift (moving apart) is a widely acknowledged driving force that led to the development of current plate tectonics. His major goal was to discover a scientific explanation for the continents’ and seas’ origins. However, mountain construction is a commonly acknowledged notion.

  1. The tribes of the Apatanis can be found in:
    1. Himachal Pradesh
    2. Nagaland
    3. Sikkim
    4. Arunachal Pradesh

 Answer: Option D

 Explanation: The Apatani, or Tank, are a tribal group of people that live in the Ziro valley in the Lower Subansiri region of Arunachal Pradesh, India. They are also known as Apa and Apa Tani.

  1. Genoa is the most important seaport in the following countries:
    1. Spain
    2. Brazil
    3. Italy
    4. Canada

Option C is the correct answer.

Explanation: The Port of Genoa is the largest Italian seaport, competing with Marseille and Barcelona for the title of Mediterranean Sea’s largest port. It is Italy’s busiest port by cargo tonnage, with a transaction volume of 51.6 million tonnes.

  1. In India’s demographic history, the year ___ is known as the Great Divide.
    1. the Year 1901
    2. in the year 1921
    3. In the year 1941
    4. D: 1951

Option B is the correct answer.

Explanation: In India’s demographic history, 1921 is known as the “year of the great division,” when mortality began to fall, causing the rate of population increase to accelerate (the second stage).

  1. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Willandra Lakes Region is located in:
    1. The United States of America
    2. Australia 
    3. The United Kingdom
    4. Germany, 

Option B is the correct answer.

The Willandra Lakes Region is a heritage site located in New South Wales, Australia’s far west.

  1. Reliance Petroleum Ltd. has built the sole private sector refinery in the country.
    1. Guwahati 
    2. Jamnagar, 
    3. Bombay
    4. Chennai, 

Option B is the right answer.

Explanation: The Jamnagar Refinery is a private industry crude oil company in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India, owned by Reliance Industries Limited.

  1. Saffron is exclusively produced in one state in India.
    1. Assam
    2. Himachal Pradesh
    3. Jammu and Kashmir
    4. Meghalaya

Option C is the correct answer.

The only Indian state that produces saffron is Jammu and Kashmir.

  1. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has its headquarters in:
    1. Geneva
    2. Mexico City
    3. New York
    4. Paris (France)

Option D is the correct answer.

Explanation: The International Astronomy Union (IAU) is a senior organisation based in Paris that governs international professional astronomical activities across the world. It was founded in 1919 as the first of a succession of worldwide organisations dedicated to the growth of certain scientific fields.

  1. With which nation did India plan to build a solar city in India in 2010?
    1. Japan,
    2. The Russian Federation
    3. South Africa 
    4. the United States of America

Answer: Option A 

Explanation: Japan is the nation with whom India intends to build a solar city.

  1. The Barak River is a well-known river in:
    1. The Western Ghat
    2. Eastern Ghat
    3. Satpura hills
    4. Manipur hills

Option D is the correct answer.

The Jirl, the Dhaleshwari, the Singla, the Longai, the Sonai, and the Katakhal are the major tributaries of the Barak in India. The Barak River gets its name from its origin in the Manipur Hills area of Mao Songsang.

  1. Near the Mansarover Lake in the Great Himalayas, three prominent rivers of the Indian subcontinent find their origins. These are the rivers.
    1. Indus Jhelum and Sutlej
    2. Brahmaputra Sutlej and Yamuna
    3. Brahmaputra Indus and Sutlej
    4. Jhelum Sutlej and Yamuna

Option C is the correct answer.

Explanation: Near the Mansarover Lake, as in Great Himalayas, three key rivers of the Indian subcontinent had their origins. Brahmaputra, Indus, and Sutlej are these rivers.

Important pages

UPSC Question paper 2022UPSC Question paper 2020
UPSC Question paper 2019UPSC Syllabus pdf download