What are benign bone Tumours

A tumour can be defined as a substantial layer or mass of tissue formed when malfunctioning cells assemble and congregate. Tumours can be stated as an undesired or undefined mass or group of cells. It is commonly formed in the bones, the skin, the tissue, the organs, and the other glands and disrupt their regular function. There are various types of tumours and all the tumours cannot be stated as cancerous. A bone tumour is formed when a cluster of cells is formed on the bones to form a simple bone cyst. It can occur in any bone of the body or in any part of the bone. Bone tumours can be both cancerous and non-cancerous. Non-cancerous tumours are also called Benign bone tumours. In this article, you will learn more about bone tumours, benign bone tumours, occurrence, simple bone cyst, non-ossifying fibroma, bone cyst in older adults and some common FAQs.

Benign bone tumours

Benign bone tumours are a non-cancerous form of a simple bone cyst or tumour that are found occurring on the bone surface, bone marrow and other parts of the bone. Some of the common classifications of benign bone tumours are as follows:

• Nonossifying fibroma
• Osteoid osteoma
• Chondroblastoma
• Simple (unicameral) bone cyst
• Giant cell carcinoma
• Fibrous dysplasia
• Enchondroma
• Bone cyst with aneurysm
• Osteochondroma

People who are below the age of 30 or lesser are highly prone to benign bone tumours. Furthermore, people aged 40 and below are highly susceptible to osteoid osteomas and giant cell tumours. Chondromas affect people of all age groups. Benign bone tumours are more commonly found in males than in females. But, Chondromas are found to occur equally in both men and women. The benign bone tumours are found to occur in three stages. They are:

• Stage I tumours are dormant, harmless, asymptomatic and self-limiting.
• Stage II tumours are persistent, active, deforming the bone but not extending into the tissues of the body.
• Stage III cancers are invasive, spreading into soft tissue in and around the bone.

Nonossifying fibroma

Nonossifying fibroma is the most commonly prevailing type of benign bone tumour. They do not extend to other parts of bones and are non-cancerous. Nonossifying fibroma is formed of fibrous tissues. Their prevalence is twice as high in men than in women. In recent years, it is identified that about 30 to 40% of the people below the age of 20 are suffering from the non-ossifying fibroma. 

Simple Bone cyst

A simple bone cyst is also known as a unicameral bone cyst. It is not cancerous in nature and is commonly found to occur in children and people of adolescent age. Simple bone cyst bone cavities that have a store of fluids within. They are found in higher ranges in men than in women. Femur and humerus bones are more vulnerable to the simple bone cyst. Bone cyst in older adults is quite common in prevalence. It is found to occur at younger ages and gets expressed at older ages.

Chondroblastoma

Chondroblastoma is a subtype and a rare form of benign tumour that develops near the corners of the body’s long bones. Chondroblastomas affect men twice as much as they do women. Tumours most commonly form at the extremities of the tibia, femur, or humerus. Chondroblastomas are less common in the pelvis, knee, hip and heel. They are much more prevalent in males and often arise in children and young adults.

Diagnosis of Benign bone tumours

The benign bone tumour can be diagnosed by the following tests they are:

• X-ray
• CT scan
• Radiography
• MRI scan
• Biopsy: It is performed in two methods. They are needle biopsy and open biopsy.
• Blood test
• Urine test

Conclusion

Benign bone tumours are not fatal in nature and they do not spread but they require treatment to prevent abnormalities in the body. Most types of Benign bone tumours are found commonly in people of younger ages. Various researches are being performed regarding benign tumours, cause of the tumour, aetiology, incidence, occurrence, treatment, diagnosis and other related analyses. Studies on the symptoms of benign bone tumours are at their peak as most types of tumours are asymptomatic which makes them difficult to diagnose. Research on drugs and treatments is expected to bring new light to preventing the treating of the disease.