Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency is a major genetic disorder commonly found in kids that causes mortality threats by disabling the primary immune system. The present study is going to discuss the issue of immunodeficiency along with a detailed definition of SCID and its key types commonly found in humans. Further, it will assess the life expectancy for people who are suffering from SCID and will assess the symptoms of the disease with its available medical interventions in current times.  

A Discussion on Immunodeficiency: 

Immunodeficiency is the impairment of the human immune system and its ability to defend the body against infectious viruses. It minimizes the capability of the fighting cells and makes the body vulnerable to bacteria, fungal infections, and viruses in real-time. The issue of immunodeficiency can commonly be found among kids at their birth and it can further lead people to develop major health issues like cancers later in life. Immunodeficiency can be categorized into two different types based on the disorders of this health issue that are primary and secondary immunodeficiency. The primary immunodeficiency is commonly developed in an early stage of human life whereas the secondary immunodeficiency is developed later in life. 

Definition of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: 

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency is a group of rare genetic disorders that makes the body vulnerable to developing bacterial infections and fungal diseases. This issue can be found in kids as well as adults were the victims get affected in the red blood cell, platelets, and the white blood cells at its initial stage. As this issue directly impacts the white blood cells, it minimizes the lymphocyte count in the body eventually making the victims incapable of fighting health issues successfully. It majorly affects the T-cells and B-cells in the body that causes major health harm and pushes the body to develop other health complications in the process. 

Types of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: 

SCID has some common as well as complex types based on the expectancy of the victims to develop it in the process. Some of the most common types of SCID are the X-linked SCID, the RAG-1, and RAG-2 SCID, Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency (ADA-SCID), and IL7R SCID. These four types are commonly found in humans, especially in terms of weakening the fighting cells and making the body vulnerable to developing health issues. The X-Chromosome immunodeficiency is commonly found in boys whereas RGA and ADA can be found in both boys and girls at the same time. 

Life Expectancy in SCID: 

Life expectancy in SCID can be five years or less for individuals based on their ability to control this disease with proper restrictions and medications. Patients who transplant the infections within three or three and a half months of care are expected to live longer compared to the other victims. Almost eighty to ninety-five percent of victims are expected to survive to a maximum of five years. Despite the fatality of this disease on a global scale, approximately ninety-four percent of its victims are likely to survive and expect an average life length.   

Symptoms of SCID: 

SCID has a few distinctive symptoms in its initial stage that can be assessed and monitored in order to understand the fatality of the disease in the body. The key symptoms of SCID are:

1. Vulnerability to frequent bacterial and fungal infections.
2. Oral thrush.
3. Constant thrive failure.
4. Chronic diarrhea.
5. Frequent infections in the respiratory system.
6. Developing viral flue that is hard to treat.

Medical Interventions of SCID:  

SCID can be treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for individuals that are suffering from it from an early stage. The newborn babies that are born with SCID are commonly treated with molecular correction and isolation for a long period of time. Further, the transplantation of hematological cells can also be regarded as an effective treatment for SCID in current times. It can also be treated with the transplantation of functional cells in the victim’s body by replacing the vulnerable cells.  

Conclusion: 

SCID is one of the predominant diseases on a global scale with its fatality and side effects on the human body. It makes the human body cells vulnerable to developing chronic and major diseases eventually making the victim morbid for a long period of life. With the help of proper medications and restrictions, the dominance of this disease can be minimized by the victims in current times. Further, it has a likelihood to occur in kids and newborn babies that makes it a major concern for the global medical industry that needs to be minimized with proper medical interventions.