Number of Series

General intelligence and reasoning are defined as the ability of a person to perform mental tasks. General intelligence is generally the indication of any person’s good IQ. If a person has a higher IQ then he is intelligent. General intelligence is also termed the G-factor.

In 1904 Charles Spearman introduced the concept of general intelligence. According to him, the general intelligence of any person depends upon the following factors. These factors are quantitative reasoning, fluid reasoning, Visual-spatial processing, Knowledge, and working memory.

Topics to test the general intelligence and reasoning of any person

1. Number Series

2. Coding-Decoding

3. Directions

4. Blood relations

5. Arithmetic number series

1. Number Series:- Number series is a topic of general reasoning to test the numerical ability of a person. It consists of a series of numbers and we need to find out which type of pattern is followed by the series.

Example:- What will be the next term in the number series 1,3,9,27,81,___

Given series = 1,3,9,27,81__

Here the series is following the pattern  3⁰,3¹,3²,3³,3⁴So the next term will be 3⁵which we can solve as

3×3×3×3×3 = 243

So the next term will be 243

2. Coding-Decoding:-  In coding and decoding the words are coded in the form of alphabets or in the number form so we need to find out the coding pattern of the given number to solve the other given number.

Example: If ‘CAT’ is coded as ‘DBU’ then how ‘RAT’ will be coded?

Here CAT is coded as DBU by following the pattern

C is coded with its next alphabet is D

A is coded with its next alphabet is B

T is coded with its next alphabet is U

So RAT will be coded as R——->S, A——->B, T——>U

Hence RAT——–>SBU

3. Direction: Direction is the type of verbal reasoning in which the position of any object or person is given from a reference to any direction from all four North, south, east, and west. We need to find out the actual distance of the person from the reference and its direction.

Example:- If a person walks from his home 5 metres to the north then turn right and travel 5 metres again turn right and travel 5 metres what is the position of the person from his home.

From the above diagram, we can see that if a person walks 5 metres in the north then turns right to again travel 5 metres and again 5 metres in the right So now he is 5 metres in the east from his home.

4. Blood relation:- It is verbal reasoning in which the relationship between the family members is given and we need to find out the relation between them. We can understand it from the example.

Example:- R is the son of my brother’s daughter. How is R related to my brother?

Since R is the son of my brother’s daughter then my brother will be the Maternal grandfather R. In this way we can solve the questions on blood relations.

5. Arithmetic number series:- In arithmetic number series the series is obtained by the addition or subtraction of the constant number to obtain the next number.The series is given by

a,a+d,a+2d,a+3d…………..

The nth term of the arithmetic number series is find out by the formula

T_n = a+(n-1)d

Here

a= first term

n= nth term of the number series

d= common difference

Example:- What will be the 7 th term in the number series 1,3,5,7…….

Here a =1

Common difference = 3-2=2

n=7 th term

So from the formula

T_n = a+(n-1)d

T₇ = 1+(7-1)2

T₇ = 1+(6)2 = 13

So the 7 th term of the given arithmetic number series will be =13

Conclusion

In this article, we have learned about general intelligence and reasoning. It is the mental ability of any person. General intelligence and reasoning actually show spatial visualisation and quantitative reasoning. General intelligence also indicates how analytic a mind a person has.