Nobel Prize Winners of 2018

Swedish and Norwegian institutions bestow awards for the progression of various fields like literature, academics, culture, and science on an annual basis. One of these awards is known as the Nobel Prize. 

In 1901, the awards for Peace, Literature, Physiology, Chemistry, Physics, Medicine were awarded for the very first time. More than 923 people were awarded the Nobel Prize and the Economic Prize between 1901 to 2017. The award is considered the most reputable and esteemed award given for impeccable achievements across the globe.

The Nobel Prize is one of the most coveted prizes that anyone who is well-known in any field would be honoured to receive. 

Nobel Prize Winners of 2018

Medicine or Physiology – James P. Allison along with Tasuku Honjo won the prestigious award for their discovery of therapy for cancer using negative immune regulation, a protein that functions as a break in the immune system, releasing immune cells to attack tumours if the break is broken. 

Physics – Arthur Ashkin was honoured with the Nobel Prize in Physics for the application of optical tweezers and their usage in the biological system. This has laser beam fingers capable of capturing particles, atoms, viruses, and other living cells. He was able to utilise laser light to propel minuscule particles to the centre of the beam and keep them there. In 1987, his big discovery was the use of these tweezers to catch germs without damaging them. Optical tweezers are a prominent technique for studying the mechanics of life. Beyond this, for the high-intensity generation and the ultra-short optical pulses, Gerard Mourou and Donno Strickland were also awarded the Nobel Prize in the field of physics.

Chemistry – In Chemistry, Frances H. Arnold got the Nobel Prize for directed evolution which is used in protein engineering. Her enzymes are utilised in the ecologically friendly production of medicinal chemicals and biofuels. 

George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter were both awarded the Nobel Prize for their work in the phage display of antibodies and peptides. This was followed by the development of antibodies capable of neutralising poisons, combating autoimmune illnesses, and curing metastatic cancer.

Peace – Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad launched a great campaign to abolish the use of sexual assault as a weapon in armed conflict or war.

Economic Sciences – Paul M. Romer got the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018 in the field of Economic Science for the advancement of technological innovations in the field of long-run macroeconomic analysis. William D. Nordhaus got the award for the implementation of climate change into the long-run macroeconomic analysis.

Facts Related to the Nobel Prize 

A lot of problems were solved by these Nobel Laureates in different fields, from the development of protein through laser physics to cancer therapy to starting an initiative against war crimes to commendable innovation and climate.

Stockholm, Sweden is the land of the Nobel Prize; it is where all the Nobel Prizes are awarded to the winners except the Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel Peace Prize is distributed in Oslo, Norway. All the Nobel Peace Prize recipients receive a diploma from the King of Sweden. On the 10th December each year, in the presence of the King of Norway, this prize is awarded in Oslo on the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.

Some other facts related to the Nobel Prize are as follows:

• Alfred Nobel, the Nobel Prizes’ creator, bequeathed 31 million Swedish kroner (265 million dollars) to support the Nobel Prizes. Alfred possessed a wide range of skills. He was a businessman, chemist, engineer, inventor, and philanthropist from Sweden.
• If a person dies after being nominated, they may still be honoured. This incident has occurred twice.
• The first recipient of the Nobel Prize was Henry Durant, from Switzerland and Frederic Passy from France. In 1901, they were both awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. 
• Marie Curie was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.

Conclusion

The peace prize has the inscription for the peace and brotherhood of men, while the other prizes include inventions that enhance life through art. Not more than three people can share the Nobel Prize.