What are the 11th and 12th schedules?

Answer: 11^th schedule: The provisions in the 11th Schedule outline the Panchayats’ rights, obligations, and scope of authority.

This schedule was added by the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992. There are 29 matters.

1. Agriculture, including agricultural extension
2. Enhancing the land, implementing land reforms, combining the ground, and conserving the soil
3. Minor irrigation, water management, and watershed development
4. Animal husbandry, dairying, and poultry
5. Fisheries
6. Social forestry and farm forestry
7. The minor forest produces
8. Small scale industries, including food processing industries
9. Khadi, village, and cottage industries
10. Rural housing
11. Drinking water
12. Fuel and fodder
13. Rural electrification, including distribution of electricity
14. Non-conventional energy sources
15. Poverty alleviation program and many others.

12^th schedule: The Indian Constitution’s 12^th Schedule contains provisions that outline municipalities’ duties, rights, and obligations. The 74^th  Amendment Act of 1992 adds this schedule to the Constitution. There are 18 matters.

1. Urban planning, including town planning
2. Regulation of land use and construction of buildings
3. Planning for economic and social development
4. Roads and bridges
5. Solid waste management, sanitation conservation, and public health
6. Fire services
7. Slum improvement and upgradation
8. Urban poverty alleviation
9. Providing urban conveniences and amenities, including playgrounds, gardens, and parks.
10. Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects
11. Cattle pounds; prevention of cruelty to animals
12. Regulation of slaughterhouses and tanneries and many others.