Answer: Subatomic particles with an elementary charge of -1 are known as electrons. The charge held by an electron is the same as the charge held by a proton (but has an opposite sign).
The flow of electrons from one atom to the next and from negative to positive electric poles, in general, produces current.
Spherical shells of varied diameters represent the energy levels of electrons in atoms. The more the energy contained in the electron, the bigger the spherical shell will be.
The characteristic of matter with more or fewer electrons than protons is known as electric charge. Protons have a positive charge, whereas electrons have a negative charge. If there are more protons than electrons, the matter is positively charged, whereas it is negatively charged if there are more electrons than protons.
The unit electrical charge is defined as the charge on a single electron. The negative polarity is attributed to it. The positive charge on a proton or hole is equivalent to, but opposite, the charge on an electron. Because the charge on a single electron is so minuscule, it is not commonly quantified in terms of electrical charge amount. Instead, the coulomb, denoted by C and representing about 6.24 x 1018 electrons, is the conventional unit of electrical charge amount.
The electron charge, denoted by the letter e, is approximately 1.60 x 10-19 C. The mass of an electron at equilibrium, represented as me, is 9.11 x 10-31 (kg).