What are Isodiaphers? Explain with an Example

Answer:- An atom’s structure is divided into two parts: the nucleus and the orbitals. The orbital contains subatomic entities such as electrons. 

Nucleons are protons and neutrons that are found in the nucleus of an atom. Isodiaphers are defined by the number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus. 

Any element with a specific number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus is called a nuclide. The number of neutrons in a nuclide may differ from the number of protons. 

These nuclides are employed in nuclear reactions because their nuclei contain energy for the same reason. Isodiaphers are a pair of nuclides with the identical number of protons and neutrons in the atom’s nucleus. 

Although the nuclei of both nuclides have different numbers of protons and neutrons, the difference between them is the same. 

Take Uranium U²³⁸₉₂ and thorium Th⁹⁰₂₃₄ , for example.

Uranium’s nucleus contains 92 protons and 146 neutrons, hence the difference is:

146 – 92 = 54

Thorium’s nucleus contains 90 protons and 144 neutrons, hence the difference is:

144 – 90 = 54

As a result, isodiaphers are nuclei with the same amount of protons and neutrons in their nucleus.

Take Uranium U²³⁸₉₂ and thorium Th⁹⁰₂₃₄, for example. They have the difference of 54.

The mass number of any element is equal to the sum of its protons and neutrons, but the atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in that atom plus the number of electrons. Nuclides carry out nuclear reactions such as fission and fusion, which divide or combine atoms to generate new ones, releasing a lot of energy.