Differentiate Between In-Situ Conservation and Ex-situ Conservation

IN-SITU CONSERVATION

EX-SITU CONSERVATION

• The term in-situ conservation refers to the conservation and protection of the wildlife and biodiversity within their natural habitats

• The act of conserving biodiversity in areas other than their naturally occurring habitats is referred to as ex-situ conservation

• Such areas known to conserve biodiversity are national parks and sanctuaries

• An artificial environment is created that mimics their natural habitats

• It aims to achieve the maintenance of biodiversity by itself by the ecosystem conditions

• The purpose of genetic conservation or to bring genetic variation is achieved away from their original site of habitat

• The processes involved in an in-situ conservation setup involves

• the establishment of a network of safe and protected area
• Proper management protocols and methods
• Setting up corridors to bridge various fragments
• Restoration of degraded condition of the original habitats within and improving the quality of life and living conditions. 

• Establishment of the following i.e.

• Zoological garden
• Botanical garden
• Tissue culture 
• Germplasm bank
• Seed banks
• Pollen bank
• Gene and DNA

• Alleviation of biotic pressure rehabilitation is involved in the in-situ method of conservation of biodiversity

• It involves a thorough inspection, identification and rehabilitation of the threatened species; 

• Process of augmentation, reintroduction and introduction protocol criteria to be fulfilled

• It encourages the continuation of species through the phenomenon of adaptation, survival and evolution

• The probability chances of reproductive success in endangered variants are multiplied through ex-situ conservation

• Effective mobilisation and freedom to wildlife is an added advantage as such type of conservation has a large area set up for the wildlife

• Due to conditions of limited area setup the wildlife usually doesn’t enjoy effective mobilisation, unlike in-situ conservation setup

• Examples of In-situ conservation: Sanctuary, National parks, biosphere reserves etc.

• Examples of ex-situ conservation:

Aquarium, botanical garden, zoo, seed banks etc.