Antiulcer Agents and Proton Pump Inhibitors

Aromatic compounds are chemically unique compounds; organic compounds are made of hydrocarbon compositions. Benzene is one of the common examples of aromatic organic compounds. In addition, the aromatic compounds are uniquely stable; this property of aromatic compounds is called aromaticity. 

Proton pump inhibitors help heal gut-related issues; these medicines effectively treat stomach ulcers and heartburn issues. Dexlansoprazole and esomeprazole are two modern types of proton pump inhibitors. 

The following article will help us learn about aromatic compounds, proton pump inhibitors, and two types of proton pump inhibitors, dexlansoprazole and esomeprazole. 

Aromatic Compounds

In general, the word ‘aromatic’ refers to the physical property of odour in a compound; however, in organic chemistry, Aromatic compounds are classified based on their chemical structure.

In organic chemistry, aromatic compounds are those compounds that contain one or more planar rings of atoms, where two different covalent bonds connect these atoms. The unique property of stability of these compounds is called aromaticity.

The property of aromaticity results from a special electron bonding arrangement in the compound. When certain π-electrons are firmly held within the molecule, this causes the property of aromaticity in the molecule. Aromaticity is generally concerned with less heat combustion and hydrogenation; the aromatic compounds are also associated with less reactivity. 

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Proton pump inhibitors are medicines used to treat erosive esophagitis, peptic ulcers, and other medical conditions. Acid secretion can be reduced up to 95% using these drugs and types of equipment.

Let us now understand the working of proton pump inhibitors; the general function of proton pump inhibitors is to reduce the acid present in the human body. Usually, proton pump inhibitors are used to treat problems with gut health and duodenum.

Working on Proton Pump Inhibitors

Usually, a human stomach produces acid to help digest the food and avoid bacterial infections in the stomach. The acid produced by the stomach is corrosive; thus, the stomach has a cover of mucous lining to keep itself and other organs protected from the acid. 

However, this mucous barrier or lining is broken in some cases, and acid reaches the stomach and hurts it; this condition can develop an ulcer.

In other cases, people may have problems with the sphincter, which keeps the stomach closed; in such cases, the acid can escape and cause harm to the gullet; this condition is called “acid reflux” and can cause heartburn and inflammation of the gullet. Proton Pump inhibitors help the cell in the stomach lining to produce less acid; this effectively stops the formation of ulcers and increases the healing process.

Because proton pump inhibitors significantly reduce the acid generation in the stomach, it also effectively helps in heartburn issues. The working of proton pump inhibitors is simple; they block the chemical system of the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase enzyme, which is also called the proton pump. 

There are the following types of proton pump inhibitors

• Dexlansoprazole
• Esomeprazole
• Lansoprazole 
• Rabeprazole 
• Pantoprazole 
• Dexlansoprazole 

Let us learn about dexlansoprazole and esomeprazole,

Dexlansoprazole

Dexlansoprazole is a modern proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions related to gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis.

Dexlansoprazole is classified as the R-isomer of lansoprazole. Dexlansoprazole works on the (H+, K+)-ATPase enzyme, which is involved in the secretion of hydrochloric acid through the exchange of H+ ions from the cytoplasm for K+ ions. Normally functioning (H+, K+)-ATPase stimulates hydrochloric acid secretion into the gastric lumen, increasing stomach acidity and lowering pH.

Esomeprazole

Esomeprazole is also a modern proton pump inhibitor; esomeprazole is used to treat conditions related to gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis; they are also used for the treatment of stomach ulcers and other such acidic infections. 

Chemically, esomeprazole is written as 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl pyridine-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole and is an S configuration at the place of a sulphur atom.

Esomeprazole removes the stomach acid-suppressing effects; it blocks the last few steps in gastric acid production in the stomach by covalently binding to sulfhydryl groups of cysteines found on the (H+, K+)-ATPase enzyme.

Conclusion

Aromatic compounds are uniquely structured hydrocarbon compounds. Benzene is one of the common examples of aromatic organic compounds. The aromatic compounds are chemically stable; this property of aromatic compounds is called aromaticity. Proton pump inhibitors are medicines used for gut-related medical issues; these medicines are an effective treatment for stomach ulcers and heartburn issues. 

Dexlansoprazole and esomeprazole are common examples of proton pump inhibitors. The above article discusses aromatic compounds, proton pump inhibitors, their working process, and different proton pump inhibitors, dexlansoprazole, and esomeprazole.