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When an object travels in a straight line and the velocity varies by different amounts, it is said that the object is in non-uniform Motion. In other words, the rate of change in velocity changes.
E.g.:- When a kid plays with balls, firstly, he throws the ball at 6m, in another attempt at 10m, and finally, he throws balls at 10m. Here in all cases, the velocity is differently applied by the boy.
Motion
A change in the location of an object over time is referred to as Motion. Rectilinear Motion is the movement of an object in a straight line. Rectilinear Motion is another name for linear Motion. It is recommended not to mistake linear Motion with generic Motion. Linear Motion, as previously stated, is a one-dimensional motion. Still, in general, a motion has both magnitude and direction, i.e. the position and velocity of an item are given as vector values.
Based on the nature of displacement, linear Motion is classified into
- Uniform Motion
- Non-uniform Motion
Uniform Motion | Non-uniform Motion |
A distance of the same length is covered in the same time intervals. | Unequal distances are covered in unequal time intervals. |
Zero acceleration. | Non-zero acceleration. |
No change in the speed. | Speed doesn’t remain constant. |
Distance-time graph is a straight line. | Distance-time graph is a curve. |
The speed of the body is constant. | The speed of the body is not constant. |
No change in velocity. | Velocity changes. |
Non-uniform Motion in Straight Line
Accelerated Motion is a type of kinematic Motion in which variations in speed occur during a move. The momentary velocity is the particle’s velocity at a particular instant in time or at a specific location along its route. Generally speaking, acceleration is defined as the ratio of the change in velocity to the time required to achieve that change. If the body remains at a single location or moves steadily, it does not experience any acceleration.
A uniformly accelerated motion may be classified as either positively accelerated (a > 0) or negatively accelerated (a < 0). It can also be classified as either Motion with no starting speed (u = 0) or Motion having an initial speed ( u > 0).
Examples of Non-Uniform Motion
The majority of the motions we see around us are non-uniform. Here are a few examples:
- A horse galloping
- A guy is competing in a 100m dash.
- A bouncing ball
- When an automobile collides with another car, it is called a collision.
- A plane flies through the clouds before landing.
- Taking a box down a path
- A bus passes through the market on its route to its destination.
- An automobile that has come to a complete stop
- A train approaching its final destination
- An asteroid is moving.
Laws of Motion
Quantum mechanics refers to the Motion of subatomic particles such as electrons, protons, and so on, whereas classical mechanics refers to the Motion of macroscopic particles. Sir Isaac Newton introduced the three principles of Motion in 1686, laying the groundwork for classical mechanics and allowing for significant advances in the area.
Newton’s First Law
Newton’s first law asserts that a body at rest or in motion will remain at rest or in steady motion until an external force changes its position.
Law of Force and Acceleration
Newton’s second law outlines the Motion of an item and the impact that an external force can have on it. It asserts that the rate of change in acceleration of an object in Motion is dependent on the mass of the body and the force applied to that object, with acceleration being directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
F = ma
Newton’s Third Law
Newton’s third law of motion says that for every force applied to an object, there is a reactive force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the original force on the object applying it.
Conclusion
There are two types of Motion: uniform motion and non-uniform motion. A body in uniform Motion travels the same distance in the same amount of time at the same speed. In uniform Motion, there is no acceleration. A body moving in a non-uniform manner travels different lengths and covers different distances at different speeds. Non-uniform Motion causes an acceleration that is not zero.
