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Several hypotheses and tests have been proposed to demonstrate that matter can exhibit or contain a particle or wave character. Previously, the particle nature of light and matter was used to explain their qualities. The corpuscular idea was supported by some of the early stages. Later, it was discovered through numerous tests that matter had wave-like qualities. As a result, it’s established that matter has dual nature, which implies it possesses both particle and wave features. Maxwell’s equation of electromagnetism and Hertz’s investigations on the creation and monitoring of electromagnetic waves in 1887 were used to create strong foundations. The wave character of light is supported by these hypotheses. In quantum mechanics, the concept of matter’s wave-particle duality is crucial. Each particle or quantum entity may be represented in terms of a particle or a wave, according to this theory. Furthermore, the notion aids in overcoming the classical mechanic approach’s or theories’ incapacity to fully characterise the behaviour of matter.
1. The cathode ray is made from of:
a) photons
b) electrons
c) protons
d) α-particles
Answer: Correct option will be: (b) electrons
2. When the electric field is applied to the gas in the vacuum tube, a discharge occurs between the two electrodes. This fluorescence was linked to
a) radiations that looked to be coming from the anode
b) radiation that appeared to be coming from the cathode
c) protons from the cathode
d) protons from the anode
Answer: Correct option will be: (b) radiation that appeared to be coming from the cathode.
3. The charge-to-mass ratio of an electron is currently accepted to be:
a) 1.66×10-19 C/kg
b) 9.1×1011 C/kg
c) 1.76×1011 C/kg
d) 9.1×1019 C/kg
Answer: Correct option will be: (c) 1.76×1011 C/kg
4. Only when the incident light exceeds a particular threshold……… does photoelectric emission occur.
a) Power
b) Wavelength
c) Intensity
d) Frequency
Answer: Correct option will be: (d) frequency.
5. Which of the following will emit photoelectrons when it collides with a metal?
a) UV radiations
b) Infrared radiation
c) Radio waves
d) Microwaves
Answer: Correct option will be (a) UV radiations
Reason: The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when it is exposed to light. A sufficient frequency of light is required. It might be visible light, ultraviolet light, or X-rays. As a result, ultraviolet light causes electron emission.
6. A metal’s work function is:
a) The minimum current needed to remove an electron from a metal surface
b) The highest frequency needed to remove an electron from a metal surface
c) None of the mentioned
d) the least amount of energy required to remove an electron from a metal surface
Answer: Correct option will be: (d) the least amount of energy required to remove an electron from a metal surface.
7. A metal’s work function is unaffected by its:
(i)the nature of the metal’s surface
(ii) the metal’s dimensions
(iii) the metal’s properties
(iv) the metal’s abundance
a) Only (i)
b) (i) and (iii)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer: Correct option will be (d) (ii) and (iv)
Reason: A metal’s work function is determined by its properties and the nature the metal surface.
8. Which of the mentioned metals is not visible light sensitive?
a) Cadmium
b) Rubidium
c) Sodium
d) Caesium
Answer: Correct option will be: (a) Cadmium
Reason: Cadmium is responsive to ultraviolet light, but the others are sensitive to visible light as well.
9. The photoelectric current is unaffected by
- incident light frequency
- metal work function
- stopping potential
- incident light intensity
a) (i) and (iv) only
b) (ii) and (iii) only
c) (iii) only
d) (ii) only
Answer: Correct option will be: (c) (iii)only
Reason: The photoelectric current rises as the intensity rises above the threshold frequency.
10. ____ is not related to the wave theory of light.
a) Polarization
b) Diffraction
c) Photocurrent
d) Interference
Answer: Correct option will be: (c) Photocurrent.
11. The photoelectric effect may be described using the following theories:
a) wave theory of light
b) Bohr’s theory
c) quantum theory of light
d) corpuscular theory of light.
Answer: Correct option will be: (c) quantum theory of light
12. The quantity which does not remain conserved in a photon-particle collision is
a) Entire energy
b) Entire momentum
c) Number of photons
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: Correct option will be: (c) number of photons
Reason: The amount of photons may not be conserved in a photon–particle collision. It’s possible that the photon will be absorbed or that a new photon will be created.
13. ____ is explained by the photoelectric effect.
a) Wave nature of light
b) Particle nature of light
c) Both wave and particle nature of light
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: Correct option will be: (b) Particle nature of light.
14. When light strikes a metal surface, the peak kinetic energy of emitted electrons
a) varies with light intensity
b) varies with light frequency
c) varies with light speed
d) varies irregularly
Answer: Correct option will be: (b) varies with the light frequency.
15. The highest energy of electrons emitted in a photocell is not dependent on
a) incident light frequency
b) incident light intensity
c) the type of the cathode
d) All the mentioned
Answer: Correct option will be: (b) incident light intensity.
16. The least energy required to eject an electron from a metal surface is referred to as
a) Atomic energy
b) Mechanical energy
c) Electrical energy
d) Work function
Answer: Correct option will be: (d) Work function.
17. A photoelectric cell____
a) converts light energy into electrical energy
b) converts energy into light
c) stores light
d) stores electricity.
Answer: Correct option will be: (a) converts light energy into electrical energy
