Electrostatics

Electrostatic means the study of still electric charges. When we rub a plastic rod  with the fur or we can say that when a glass rod is rubbed with the silk, it definitely attracts the piece of paper that is known to be electrically charged. The charge which is obtained by rubbing fur with a plastic rod is negative and the charge obtained from rubbing a glass rod with silk is always positive.

Electric charge

Electric charge is also called a normal charge or the electrostatic charge and it is the basic feature of the subatomic particles that helps them in experiencing the force when they are placed in an electromagnetic field.

There are two types of electric charges that are commonly used, first is positive electric charge, which is carried by the protons as a charge carrier. Another is a negative electric charge which is carried by the electrons as an electric charge carrier.

When the total charge of any object is counted as zero or equal to zero, it is known as the neutral neither positive nor negative. We can symbolise electric charge as the Q and it is measured using the coulomb. The S.I unit of the charge is known as the coulomb.

Positive charge Particles

In the positively charged particles, the number of protons (positively charged) is always more than the electron which is a negatively charged particle. For neutralising these protons, negatively charged particles (electrons) surround these particles until the no. of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged) becomes equal.

Negatively charged Particles

When negatively charged particles which mean electrons are larger in numbers than the protons, it is said to be negatively charged particles. So, for neutralising them, electrons move at the ground or at any other particle till the time the number of electrons and protons become equal to each other. 

Some of the important characteristics of the electrically charged objects:

•   Same charges always repel from each other like positive resists positive and negatively charge resist negatively charged.
•   Opposite charges always attract each other like positive attracts the negative.
•   Charges are always conserved. Those which are neutral objects have no net charge. For example, when the rod is charged by the fur, the negative charge is shifted from the fur to the rod. So, the net negative charge which is on the rod is equal to the net positive charge of the fur.

What is Coulomb’s Law?

This law is the experimental law that usually measures the actual force among any two still charges. According to the coulomb’s law unlike charges attracts each other and like charges resist each other with the force which is directly in relation to the products obtained from the charges and indirectly proportional to the square of the distance among them.

Insulators and conductors

All those materials which allow a very smooth flow of the charges came to be known as the conductors. For example, metal is known as the most common conductor among all others.

All those materials which do not allow the free flow of the charges because electrons are present as a tight bound and are so rigid that they are not ready to move from their place are called insulators. For example, paper and rubber are the most common examples of insulators among others.

Also, the device which is used to measure the presence of the charges is called the electroscope. It only helped in indicating the presence or absence of the charges. It does not tell the nature of the charge like it is negatively charged or positively charged.

Conclusion

Electrostatic means the study of still electric charges. When we rub a plastic rod with the fur or we can say that when a glass rod is rubbed with the silk, it definitely attracts the piece of paper that is known to be electrically charged.

Electric charge is also called a normal charge or the electrostatic charge and it is the basic feature of the subatomic particles that helps them in experiencing the force when they are placed in an electromagnetic field. Same charges always repel from each other like positive resists positive and negatively charge resist negatively charged. Opposite charges always attract each other like positive attracts the negative. Charges are always conserved.

All those materials which allow a very smooth flow of the charges came to be known as the conductors. For example, metal is known as the most common conductor among all others.