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When an electric current flows through a bulb or any conductor, the conductor provides some resistance to the current, which is known as electrical resistance and is denoted by R. Every material has an electrical resistance, which is why conductors emit heat when current flows through them. A resistor is an electric component that provides the desired resistance in a circuit. This article will go over the concept of electric resistance and various electrical resistance formulas with examples. In the following sections, let us look at electrical resistance in-depth and study the concept!
What is electrical resistance?
A circuit component or device’s electrical resistance is defined as the ratio of the voltage applied to the electric current flowing through it.
If the resistance remains constant over a wide voltage range, Ohm’s Law, I = V/R, can be used to predict the material’s behaviour. Although the preceding definition focuses on DC and voltage, the exact definition applies to resistors used in AC applications.
Whether a material obeys Ohm’s Law or not, its resistance is expressed in terms of bulk resistivity. The resistivity, and thus the resistance, varies with temperature. This temperature dependence can be predicted from a temperature coefficient of resistance over large temperature ranges.
The formula of electrical resistance is R=V/I.
I asked how electric resistance is measured? The answer is that electrical resistance can be calculated by measuring the current and voltage using Ohm’s Law.
Well, now, let us see what is static resistance and what is dynamic resistance.
Static Resistance
The resistance that follows Ohm’s Law or the normal ohmic resistance is known as the static resistance. In other terms, the ratio made between the voltage and the current and a constant at a particular temperature is known as static resistance. Static resistance is the result produced when the voltage is divided by the current, which is static resistance= voltage/ current. Let us have a look at the I-V curve of the static resistance.
Dynamic Resistance
When the use of resistance is made in the PN junction in electronics, the concept gets known to us as a dynamic resistance. The change in the current concerning the voltage at a particular region in the V-I curve is known as the dynamic resistance. Let us see the curve.
DC Resistance
Because the magnitude of DC is constant, there is no frequency in DC circuits; thus, capacitive and inductive reactance is zero in DC circuits.
As a result, when subjected to a DC supply, only the resistance value of the conductor or wire is relevant.
Thus, we can calculate the DC resistance value using Ohm’s law.
RDC= VI
Know everything about the electrical resistance in transformer
The type of resistance applicable in the case of a transformer is winding resistance. The winding arrangement takes place in the case of autotransformers. It has only one winding wound on a single laminated core. And the same coil is shared by the primary and secondary. A transformer works on the principle of Faraday’s Laws that involves electromagnetic induction and mutual induction. A transformer works in the following ways:
From one circuit to another circuit, the electrical energy gets transformed.
With the help of electromagnetic induction, electrical power is transferred to a transformer.
The change in electric power takes place without any change in its frequency.
With the help of mutual induction, the two circuits are linked.
What are the applications of a transformer?
A transformer has various applications in daily life. Let us see what the different applications of a transformer that are applicable in our daily lives are:
A transformer can transmit electrical energy over very long distances.
A transformer can also be used in different areas, such as radio and TV. In the case of a radio, a transformer having multiple secondary coils is used, whereas, in TV receivers, transformers with different voltages are used.
A transformer can also be used as a voltage regulator.
What are the parts of a single-phase transformer?
Let us see what the various parts of a single-phase transformer:
Core
The core mainly supports the winding system in a transformer. It acts as a low reluctance path to the magnetic flux that flows. It is made up of a laminated soft iron core so that it can reduce the losses in a transformer.
Windings
These are the copper wires around the core. It is of two types: primary and secondary.
Insulation Agents
These are necessary for a transformer to separate the windings from each other so that no short circuit occurs.
Conclusion:
Ohm’s Law equation is mostly used to determine an electric circuit’s voltage, resistance, and current. Ohm’s Law is applied to keep the desired voltage drop across the electronic components. DC ammeters and other DC shunts employ Ohm’s Law to deflect current. And electrical resistance is the path in which current flows through any material conductors of electricity. The electrical resistance or the resistivity of a material is also known as the qualitative measurement wise of a material in which the current flowing gets obstructed in its path of flow. And considering the resistivity, electrical insulators have a higher value because they bar the path of electrical flow or conductivity.
