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The periodic table, commonly known as the periodic table of elements, is an ordered arrangement of the 118 chemical elements that have been discovered so far. The chemical elements are ordered in order of increasing atomic number, or the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, which generally corresponds to increasing atomic mass, from left to right and top to bottom.The elements are arranged from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic mass.
- It is referred to as an element’s atomic number when the number of protons in its nucleus is equal to or greater than one hundred fifty-five. The number of protons in an element influences what kind of element it is, as well as the chemical behaviour of the element. Examples include the fact that carbon atoms always have six protons, while hydrogen atoms always have one, and oxygen atoms always have eight protons. Varying forms of the same element, known as isotopes, might have a different number of neutrons; also, an element can gain or lose electrons, causing it to become charged, in which case it is referred to as an ion.
- The atomic symbol (also known as the element symbol) is an abbreviation that is used to designate a particular element (“C” for carbon, “H” for hydrogen and “O” for oxygen, etc.). These symbols are used all over the world and are occasionally surprising in their appearance. Example: Tungsten has the symbol “W” since its alternate name for the element wolfram is tungsten. In addition, the atomic symbol for gold is “Au” since the Latin word for gold is “aurum,” which means “golden.”
- It is the average mass of an element given in atomic mass units that is known as the standard nuclear weight, or atomic weight, of that element (amu). The atomic mass of an element on the periodic table is a decimal, despite the fact that each atom has roughly a whole number of atomic mass units. This is because the number represents a weighted average of the various naturally-occurring isotopes of an element based on their abundance, rather than a single whole number. An isotope of an element is a variant of the element that has a different number of neutrons in its nucleus than the original element. For example, to compute the average number of neutrons in an element, subtract the number of protons present (i.e., the element’s atomic mass) from its atomic mass.
Iodine
Iodine, represented by the symbol ‘I,’ is a nonmetallic element with the atomic number 53 in the Periodic Table. It is a dark grey or purple blackish colour.
Despite the fact that it may form compounds with a wide range of elements, it is the least reactive and most electropositive of the halogens.
It is mostly found on Earth in the form of water-soluble iodide, which can be found in brine pools and oceans.
It turns purple when it is exposed to high temperatures.
It is not totally soluble in water and only dissolves in a few solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride, before becoming insoluble.
Iodine is a naturally occurring element that can be found in the air, soil, and water. The oceans are the most important source of this element in the world. There are even some minerals that incorporate iodine as an ingredient in their composition.
When it comes to humans, iodine is a critical component for the healthy functioning of the brain. The thyroid gland, which is found in the human body, contains about 20 milligrammes of the substance.
Iodine has a wide range of applications
- The first commercial application of iodine was in photography. Louis Daguerre created a process for creating images on a piece of metal that is still in use today.
- Chemically, it is utilised in the pharmaceutical business, the printing industry, and the production of animal feed.
- It can also be used as a water filter in some cases.
- Nearly all drugs that aid in the cleansing of wounds contain this ingredient.
Tellurium
Tellurium (Te) is a chemical element with the atomic number 52. It was discovered by Franz muller von Reichenstein in the year 1782 and is a radioactive element. It is a silvery white metalloid that is uncommon, brittle, mildly poisonous, and brittle. When tellurium is burned in the air, it produces a greenish blue flame. However, it does dissolve in nitric acid and reacts with it, whereas water and hydrochloric acid have no effect on it.
Tellurium does not have any biological significance. Some fungi, on the other hand, utilise it as a substitute for sulphur.
Tellurium has a variety of uses
- Tellurium is most commonly used in the metallurgical industry. It is employed in the production of iron, stainless steel, lead, and copper alloys.
- Also utilised in the production of solar panels, memory chips, and optical modulators is chromium.
- Tellurium and its components are utilised as ceramic pigments, while tellurium itself is used as a catalyst.
- It is used in the production of rubber that is particularly resistant to high temperatures.
Conclusion
The periodic table is a list of chemical elements that can be found in nature. In chemistry, physics, and other sciences, it is a common symbol.
The periodic table is an organised organisation of the 118 chemical elements found so far. They are organised left to right and top to bottom in increasing atomic number (number of protons in an atom’s nucleus) and atomic mass.
